Coagulase-positive staphylococci: my pet's two faces

Savini, Vincenzo; Passeri, Cecilia; Mancini, Giorgia; Iuliani, Ornella; Marrollo, Roberta; Argentieri, Angela Valentina; Fazii, Paolo; D’Antonio, Domenico; Carretto, Edoardo

doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2013.02.004

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…An increase in MDR bacterial infections among companion animals has been documented in multiple veterinary hospital settings [17]. This is of particular importance due to the risk of transmission to humans and other companion animals in close contact with infected animals, even because in our countries the pet population continues to rise and the contacts between people and their companion animals grows stronger [18–20]. Therefore, the discover of new agents or innovative approaches able to counteract the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance become crucial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of AMP2041 against human and animal multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates

Cabassi

Sala

Santospirito

et al. 2017

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to public health. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relevant pathogen causing human and animal infections, frequently displaying high levels of resistance to commonly used antimicrobials. The increasing difficulty to develop new effective antibiotics have discouraged investment in this area and only a few new antibiotics are currently under development. An approach to overcome antibiotic resistance could be based on antimicrobial peptides since they offer advantages over currently used microbicides.MethodsThe antimicrobial activity of the synthetic peptide AMP2041 was evaluated against 49 P. aeruginosa clinical strains with high levels of antimicrobial resistance, isolated from humans (n = 19) and animals (n = 30). In vitro activity was evaluated by a microdilution assay for lethal dose 90% (LD90), while the activity over time was performed by time-kill assay with 12.5 µg/ml of AMP2014. Evidences for a direct membrane damage were investigated on P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 reference strain, on animal isolate PA-VET 38 and on human isolate PA-H 24 by propidium iodide and on P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by scanning electron microscopy.ResultsAMP2041 showed a dose-dependent activity, with a mean (SEM) LD90 of 1.69 and 3.3 µg/ml for animal and human strains, respectively. AMP2041 showed microbicidal activity on P. aeruginosa isolates from a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) and resistance increased from first infection isolate (LD90 = 0.3 μg/ml) to the mucoid phenotype (LD90 = 10.4 μg/ml). The time-kill assay showed a time-dependent bactericidal effect of AMP2041 and LD90 was reached within 20 min for all the strains. The stain-dead assay showed an increasing of membrane permeabilization and SEM analysis revealed holes, dents and bursts throughout bacterial cell wall after 30 min of incubation with AMP2041.ConclusionsThe obtained results assessed for the first time the good antimicrobial activity of AMP2041 on P. aeruginosa strains of human origin, including those deriving from a CF patient. We confirmed the excellent antimicrobial activity of AMP2041 on P. aeruginosa strains derived from dog otitis. We also assessed that AMP2041 antimicrobial activity is linked to changes of the P. aeruginosa cell wall morphology and to the increasing of membrane permeability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of AMP2041 against human and animal multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates

Cabassi

Sala

Santospirito

et al. 2017

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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“…Staphylococci is a common cause of human diseases [1,2]. Traditionally, Staphylococci is divided into two major groups based on their ability to coagulate plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin and vancomycin resistance in coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from the nostrils of hospitalized patients

Al‐Akchar

Abu-Raideh

Himsawi

et al. 2020

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Nasal colonization by coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) play an important role in nosocomial infections. This study aims to determine antibiotics susceptibility pattern and molecular screening of methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant nasal CoNS among hospitalized patients. Methodology: Nasal swabs were collected from 202 inpatients at Prince Hamzah Hospital, Jordan. Swabs were processed according to standard microbiological procedures to isolate Staphylococci. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion, E-test, microdilution, and Vitek 2. Molecular analysis was performed using PCR for the detection of mecA, vanA, and vanB genes. Results: Nasal Staphylococci was isolated in 64/202 (31.7%) samples. Thirty isolates (14.8%) were CoNS, including S. haemolyticus (n = 17, 8.4%), S. sciuri (n = 6, 3%), S. epidermidis (n = 2, 1%), S. warneri (n = 2, 1%), S. hominis (n = 2, 1%), and S. lentus (n = 1, 0.5%). Twenty-two (10.9%) isolates were MR-CoNS harboring mecA gene. CoNS and MR-CoNS isolates were highly resistant to benzylpenicillin, erythromycin, fosfomycin, and imipenem. All isolates were sensitive to vancomycin by E-test and microdilution test and were negative for vanA and vanB genes. Nasal CoNS colonization was associated with an increased number of family members living with the participant (P = 0.04) and with admission to the orthopedic department (P = 0.03), while MR-CoNS colonization was associated with smoking (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Nasal colonization by unusual CoNS species and mecA-positive MR-CoNS are common among hospitalized patients. Absence of vanA and vanB genes suggests little contribution of nasal CoNS to vancomycin resistance transmission.

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“…Coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) cause a range of infections such us bacteraemia, urinary tract infections, pyoderma, abscess and wound infections in both humans and animals [1]. Infections are compounded by the emergence of methicillin-resistant strains that have acquired mecA or mecC imparting resistance to all the beta-lactams with the exception of a few anti-staphylococci cephalosporins [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from companion animals in Australia: A one year study

et al. 2017

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Methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) have become increasingly recognised as opportunistic pathogens that limit therapeutic options in companion animals. The frequency of methicillin resistance amongst clinical isolates on an Australia-wide level is unknown. This study determined antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for CoPS isolated from clinical infections in companion animals (dogs, cats and horses) as part of the first nation-wide survey on antimicrobial resistance in animal pathogens in Australia for a one-year period (January 2013 to January 2014). Clinical Staphylococcus spp. isolates (n = 888) obtained from 22 veterinary diagnostic laboratories were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 16 antimicrobials, representing 12 antimicrobial classes. Potential risk factors associated with methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs were analysed based on demographic factors and clinical history, including gender, age, previous antimicrobial treatment, chronic and/or recurrent diseases and site of infections. The most commonly identified CoPS were S. pseudintermedius (70.8%; dogs n = 616, cats n = 13) and S. aureus (13.2%, horses n = 53, dogs n = 47 and cats n = 17). Overall, the frequency of methicillin resistance among S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and S. aureus (MRSA) was 11.8% and 12.8%, respectively. MRSP isolates were strongly associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones (OR 287; 95%CI 91.2–1144.8) and clindamycin (OR 105.2, 95%CI 48.5–231.9). MRSA isolates from dogs and cats were also more likely to be resistant to fluoroquinolones (OR 5.4, 95%CI 0.6–252.1), whereas MRSA from horses were more likely to be resistant to rifampicin. In multivariate analysis, MRSP-positive status was significantly associated with particular infection sites, including surgical (OR 8.8; 95%CI 3.74–20.7), and skin and soft tissue (OR 3.9; 95%CI 1.97–7.51). S. pseudintermedius isolated from dogs with surgical site infections were three times more likely to be methicillin-resistant if cases had received prior antimicrobial treatment. Whilst the survey results indicate the proportion of CoPS obtained from Australian companion animals that are methicillin-resistant is currently moderate, the identified risk factors suggest that it could rapidly increase without adequate biosecurity and infection control procedures in veterinary practice.

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Coagulase-positive staphylococci: my pet's two faces

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Activity of AMP2041 against human and animal multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates

Activity of AMP2041 against human and animal multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates

Methicillin and vancomycin resistance in coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from the nostrils of hospitalized patients

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from companion animals in Australia: A one year study

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