Coal Burst Prevention Technology and Engineering Practice in Ordos Deep Mining Area of China

Abstract

With the coal mines in western China entering the field of deep mining, the problem of coal burst is becoming more and more serious. According to the characteristics of deep mining, it is an urgent problem that requires the development of an efficient and reasonable coal burst prevention and control plan to guide project practices. This study takes the typical deep mining area in Ordos as the research background, according to the stress state of the coal mining area and the load form of induced coal burst, which, in Ordos deep mining, is divided into the typical and atypical type. The former is caused by the superposition of high in situ stress and strong mining-induced stress, while the latter is due to the combination of high in situ stress, strong mining-induced stress, and external stress disturbances. Combined with theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement, it is shown that the stress level of the Ordos deep mining area is higher than that of the shallow original rock, and the difference of the three-dimensional stress between coal and rock mass is greater. The concentration degree and influence range of mining-induced stress obviously increase. Coal and rock mass are more prone to instability and failure due to external disturbances. Based on the stress control theory, the prevention and control strategies of coal burst in different types of deep mining are put forward. In addition, the prevention and control technology system of coal burst in the Ordos deep mining area is established. The field engineering practice has been carried out to realize the efficient prevention and control of coal burst.

Analysis and Prevention of Rock Burst Risk of Working Face under the Influence of Continuous Irregular Triangular Coal Pillar Stress Concentration Area

“…Due to the large degree of stress concentration and uneven stress in the irregular coal pillar area, the disturbed area is prone to risks. Based on the risk level classification of rock burst in working face 14320, it is essential to implement prerelief measures in the irregular coal pillar area and prioritize regional prevention, followed by local prevention. − Region rock burst prevention measures in the mining area include the use of a mining protective layer, optimizing the roadway layout, and judiciously determining the mining speed. As the rock burst prevention measures implemented here are part of the mining process for the working face, the roadway layout and mining methods have already been determined.…”

Uneven Stiffness Coal Seam: A New Structural Factor Prone to Coal Bump Based on Stiffness Theory

“…Certain coal bump accidents exhibit an unconventional characteristic known as the time-delayed property [37]. These coal bumps occur after a certain lag time following excavation disturbance.…”

“…For instance, during the "11.3" coal bump incident at the 2121221 working face of Qianqiu Coal Mine, Yima in 2011, the location of the coal bump lagged behind the heading face of the excavation roadway by a distance ranging from 65 to 425 meters [35]. Similarly, in 2017, the "2.3" coal bump transpired on the main roadway of Gaojiabao Coal Mine in Shaanxi during the mine's shutdown period for the Spring Festival [37]. It is possible that the coal bump resulted from mining disturbance prior to the shutdown period and only manifested during the Spring Festival shutdown period.…”

Exploring Land-Cover Types and Their Changes in the Open-Pit Mining Area of Ordos City Using Sentinel-2 Imagery

“…The scale of coal mining in Ordos City is huge, with several large coal mines and coal industrial parks. Some of these large-scale coal mines, including open-pit and underground mines, are being extensively and intensively mined, leading to a variety of environmental problems [18,19]. With the increased emphasis on environmental protection, Ordos City is also actively promoting the greening and sustainability of coal production [19][20][21].…”

“…Some of these large-scale coal mines, including open-pit and underground mines, are being extensively and intensively mined, leading to a variety of environmental problems [18,19]. With the increased emphasis on environmental protection, Ordos City is also actively promoting the greening and sustainability of coal production [19][20][21]. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the land-cover types and their changes in the open-pit mining area in Ordos City in order to promote the environmental restoration of mines and the construction of green mining areas.…”