Coastal and marine plastic pollution in Vietnam: Problems and the way out

Veettil, Bijeesh Kozhikkodan; Hua, Nguyen Thuy An; Van, Dong Doan; Quang, Ngo Xuan

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108472

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…According to MONRE (2021) and UNDP (2022), in 2018, plastic waste dumped along the coastal areas and in the sea in Vietnam ranged from 0.28 to 0.73 million tons/year, equivalent to 6% of the total amount of plastic waste discharged into the sea, making Vietnam as one of the leading countries in the world with the largest amount plastic waste in the marine ecosystem. Plastic waste, together with wastewater, UV chemicals, coastal runoff, and other types of wastes released to the sea has caused various damages like degradation of coral reefs, damage to the seagrass, turbidity, and other chemical and aesthetic pollution in coastal areas (Todd et al 2010, Bijeesh et al 2023.…”

Section: Pressure From Industrial Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What next for marine ecosystem management in Vietnam: assessment of coastal economy, climate change, and policy implication

Giang,

Khanal

2024

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Vietnam is a coastal country with a coastline stretching more than 3,260 km. Marine resources are important for the development of Vietnam. In Vietnamese sea, there are about 20 typical ecosystems spreading over 1 million square kilometers in the East Sea consisting of mangrove forests, coral reefs, lagoons, seagrasses in intertidal areas and estuaries, and living species in 155,000 hectares, 1,300 square kilometers, 500 square kilometers, 16,000 hectares and 11,000 living species, respectively. At present, impact of climate change, socio-economic development, and environmental pollution are considered as the main causes of degradation of Vietnam’s marine ecosystems. This paper presents and discusses the pressure of socio-economic activities including industry, tourism, marine transportation and services, aquaculture and fishery on marine ecosystems. In Vietnam, compared to early 2000s a total of 12% of coral reefs, and 48% of other coral reefs are vulnerable to degradation. So far, about 100 species of marine life in Vietnam are at risk of being threatened due to over-exploitation and fishing. The seagrass-bed ecosystem is currently being degraded with only over 5,580 ha remaining. In some areas, such as Cat Ba, Ha Long, and Quang Nam, seagrass beds have almost no chance to recover naturally due to serious impacts from tourism and aquaculture activities. From the findings, orientations that aim at effective management and protection of marine ecosystem to cope with adverse impacts of anthropogenic activities, climate change and the pressure of socioeconomic development were proposed.

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Section: Pressure From Industrial Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What next for marine ecosystem management in Vietnam: assessment of coastal economy, climate change, and policy implication

Giang,

Khanal

2024

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Prevention policies for the marine ecological environment in the South China Sea as a consequence of excessive plastic compound use in Vietnam

Islam

2024

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Vietnam suffers from a distressing predicament: It ranks among the most heavily contaminated nations on earth. Its coastal and marine domains are plagued by an excess of plastic waste. Vietnam has consistently discharged a substantial amount of waste into the oceans, ranging from 0.28 to 0.73 million metric tons annually. Numerous areas have emerged as focal points of plastic pollution throughout its extensive seashore and marine areas. The escalating presence of marine litter poses an increasingly grave threat to the intricate equilibrium of Vietnam's marine ecosystems. This comprehensive policy study reveals that the mounting problem of ocean plastic pollution, characterized by the abundance of floating plastic debris, imperils both plant and animal life, placing various marine species such as seabirds, fish, turtles, and cetaceans at risk. The consumption of minuscule plastic particles and the harmful impact of chemical pollutants from plastic waste in the ocean not only endangers the vitality of marine life but also poses a substantial hazard to human well‐being because plastic waste infiltrates the food chain. This research reveals that, despite the existence of numerous laws and policies—including the Law on Environmental Protection 2020, the Marine Plastic Waste Management Initiative for the Fisheries Sector 2020–2030, and the National Action Plan for Management of Marine Plastic Litter—a significant amount of plastic waste is infiltrating the river network and eventually infiltrating oceans as a result of improper monitoring and ineffective enforcement of these legislations. Relying primarily on existing data released by the government and other sources and a wide range of gray literature retrieved from reputable databases, this study aims to evaluate the role of Vietnam's legal framework for combating the critical issue of marine plastic pollution in the South China Sea. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1–19. © 2024 SETAC

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Microplastic pollution in Vietnam's estuarine, coastal and riverine environments: Research advances and future prospects

Veettil,

Puri,

Acharki

et al. 2024

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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Coastal and marine plastic pollution in Vietnam: Problems and the way out

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

What next for marine ecosystem management in Vietnam: assessment of coastal economy, climate change, and policy implication

What next for marine ecosystem management in Vietnam: assessment of coastal economy, climate change, and policy implication

Prevention policies for the marine ecological environment in the South China Sea as a consequence of excessive plastic compound use in Vietnam

Microplastic pollution in Vietnam's estuarine, coastal and riverine environments: Research advances and future prospects

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