Coastal Inlet Functional Design: Anticipating Morphologic Response

Kraus, Nicholas C.

doi:10.1061/40855(214)108

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Inlets typically respond to jetty construction with the collapse of the ebb-tidal delta due to the long-term abandonment of tidal currents (wave-induced onshore transport is no longer countered by ebb-tidal currents), and with the development of a new ebb shoal (Hansen and Knowles, 1988;Pope, 1991;Buijsman et al, 2003;Kraus, 2006), referred to as the "ebb shoal proper" (Kraus, 2000). The later (ebb shoal, hereafter) develops seaward in the stream of the estuarine ebb jet due to the confinement of the flow at the inlet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sand bypass and updrift beach evolution after jetty construction at an ebb-tidal delta

Garel

Sousa

Ferreira

2015

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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Keywords: mixed-energy tidal inlet Guadiana ebb shoal lateral bar morphology shoal attachment a b s t r a c tThe evolution of an ebb-tidal delta (Guadiana, South Portugal) and its updrift beach after jetty construction (in 1972e1974) is analysed based on 24 ortho-rectified aerial photographs (1940e2012) and 13 bathymetric maps (1969e2014). The objectives are to evaluate the re-establishment of the sand bypassing process and if the disruption of the historical delta may affect the updrift beach evolution. Post-jetty progradation of the updrift beach resulted from two large accretion events. The second (largest) event (110 m progradation in 1985e1994) was due to beach attachment of a shoal produced by the erosion of a broad shallow area relict of the historical delta. The reworking of sand from this relict area also enables the individualisation of a lateral updrift bar simultaneously with the new ebb shoal proper formation. Both morphological features were close to (volume) equilibrium in 1995, indicating that most of the sand was transported towards the downdrift side of the inlet at that time. This study shows that erosion of the historical delta may enhance significantly the updrift shoreline progradation and may promote the re-establishment of sand bypassing after jetty construction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sand bypass and updrift beach evolution after jetty construction at an ebb-tidal delta

Garel

Sousa

Ferreira

2015

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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“…As a result, the ebb-delta will erode (Dean, 1988). At the same time, the reduced ebb-tidal flow velocity promotes more effective wave action and floodtidal currents which act together to move ebb-delta sand onshore (Cleary and FitzGerald, 2003) in a process termed ebb shoal collapse (Kraus, 2006). This process results in the onshore migration of part of, or the entire, ebb shoal (Hansen and Knowles, 1988;Pope, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term morphological impacts of the opening of a new inlet on a multiple inlet system

Pacheco

Ferreira

Williams

2011

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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In this study, the artificial opening of a new tidal inlet in an existing multiple inlet system is shown to significantly modify the adjacent nearshore and backbarrier morphology, as well as both updrift and downdrift shorelines. The study focuses on the dominant Faro-Olhão and Armona inlets in the Ria Formosa barrier island system of southern Portugal. The equilibrium state and future evolution of the system are inferred using a range of morphological and hydrodynamic indicators, including the evolution of the inlet cross-section, changes in tidal prism, and changes in the dimensions (length and area) of barrier islands. The results reveal how the morphology of an interconnected two-inlet bay system and the adjacent coastlines has evolved following the artificial opening and stabilization of Faro-Olhão inlet since 1929. A clear relationship between barrier island size, inlet cross-section/width, and tidal prism is demonstrated. Decadal time-scale changes in the tidal prism of the two interconnected inlets are shown to be the main mechanism responsible for morphological change, and have resulted in the remobilization of ebb-tidal delta sediments deposited during previous hydraulic configurations. These changes, in turn, have contributed to a narrowing of Armona inlet and an increase in the size of Culatra Island. The work highlights the importance of ebb-tidal deltas both as sand reservoirs and as conduits through which sand exchange between estuaries or lagoons and the open coast is regulated. It also shows the pivotal role of ebb-tidal deltas in trapping longshore-transported sediment and releasing it again during periods of increased wave activity. The findings have implications regarding the accurate assessment of the stability of multiple inlet systems.

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“…Pope (1991) documents inlets on the southeast coast of the United States for which jetty construction restricted the width of the ebb jet and caused abandonment of lateral portions of the ebb shoal, which then migrated on shore. Kraus (2006) gives a more general discussion of ebb-shoal abandonment and cites other references to the literature. The abandoned portions of ebb shoals will migrate onshore, called "ebb-shoal collapse," if those portions are within the littoral zone.…”

Section: Sediment Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%