“…While P. amarum was not present in the section of intact dune that the sand was collected from, it is a common plant throughout the dunes in this area. This low elevation site is frequently inundated during weak tropical storms, so plants likely experience salinity inundation stress, although soil salinity on the west end of Dauphin Island was 0.0032% (±0.0011%) when measured in September 2022, so it is unclear how long salinity remains in the system (Hanlon, Abbott, and Kennedy, 2016).…”