Coastal sedimentation associated with the December 12th, 1992 tsunami in Flores, Indonesia

Shi, S.; Dawson, Alastair; Smith, David E.

doi:10.1007/bf00874381

Cited by 143 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Recent studies of these events has led to an improved understanding of tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation. In particular, studies of the sedimentary deposits from the Okushiri, Japan tsunami (SATO et al, 1995;NISHIMURA and MIYAJI, 1995), and the Flores Island, Indonesia tsunami (DAWSON, 1994;SHI et al, 1995) describe the pattern of sedimentation associated with a tsunami. For example, SHI et al (1995) find that the grain-size fines landward in the deposit on Flores Island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, studies of the sedimentary deposits from the Okushiri, Japan tsunami (SATO et al, 1995;NISHIMURA and MIYAJI, 1995), and the Flores Island, Indonesia tsunami (DAWSON, 1994;SHI et al, 1995) describe the pattern of sedimentation associated with a tsunami. For example, SHI et al (1995) find that the grain-size fines landward in the deposit on Flores Island. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the erosion and sedimentation associated with the 17 July 1998 Papua New Guinea tsunami, thus adding to the observations of modern tsunami sedimentation that will ultimately improve the identification and interpretation of palaeotsunamis in the geologic record.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erosion and Sedimentation from the 17 July, 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami

Gelfenbaum

Jaffe

2003

Pure and Applied Geophysics

245

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This paper describes erosion and sedimentation associated with the 17 July 1998 Papua New Guinea tsunami. Observed within two months of the tsunami, distinct deposits of a layer averaging 8-cm thick of gray sand rested on a brown muddy soil. In most cases the sand is normally graded, with more coarse sand near the base and fine sand at the top. In some cases the deposit contains rip-up clasts of muddy soil and in some locations it has a mud cap. Detailed measurements of coastal topography, tsunami flow height and direction indicators, and deposit thickness were made in the field, and samples of the deposit were collected for grain-size analysis in the laboratory. Four shore-normal transects were examined in detail to assess the shore-normal and along shore distribution of the tsunami deposit. Near the shoreline, the tsunami eroded approximately 10-25 cm of sand from the beach and berm. The sandy layer deposited by the tsunami began 50-150 m inland from the shoreline and extended across the coastal plain to within about 40 m of the limit of inundation; a total distance of up to 750 m from the beach. As much as 2/3 of the sand in the deposit originated from offshore. Across most of the coastal plain the deposit thickness and mean grain size varied little. In the along-shore direction the deposit thickness varied with the tsunami wave height; both largest near the entrance to Sissano Lagoon.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion and Sedimentation from the 17 July, 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami

Gelfenbaum

Jaffe

2003

Pure and Applied Geophysics

245

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“…Based on four transects spread over a 20-km section of coastline, they document erosion of the beach and berm up to 150 m inland, followed by deposition up to 750 m inland, the average thickness of the deposit being 8 cm, with a maximum of 26 cm. They estimate that as much as 2/3 of the deposits were carried from offshore, rather than moved from the beach and berm, a significantly higher fraction than observed for other recent tsunamis (SHI et al 1995;SATO et al 1995), suggestive of a different mode of interaction between the wave and the deep ocean floor.…”

Section: Post-tsunami Field Surveysmentioning

confidence: 97%

Landslide Tsunamis: Recent Findings and Research Directions

Bardet

Synolakis

Davies

et al. 2003

Pure and Applied Geophysics

104

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Underwater landslides can trigger local tsunamis with high runup, endangering human life and devastating coastal cities, offshore structures, communication cables, and port facilities. Unfortunately, hazards from underwater landslides are not well understood and the extents of their potential damage remain difficult to ascertain at present. There is immediate need for multidisciplinary research to improve our understanding and plan countermeasures for mitigating their hazards. Conceived in the wake of the Papua New Guinea earthquake landslide and tsunami of 1998, this volume summarizes the state-ofthe-art knowledge on underwater landslides and their potential to generate tsunamis from the multidisciplinary perspectives of observational and engineering seismology, geotechnical engineering, marine geology, and hydrodynamics. These various fields of engineering and science offer new synergetic opportunities to examine landslide tsunamis. This paper makes recommendations on future research directions, and will hopefully advance scientists' and engineers' understanding of these natural hazards and assist planners in mitigating their risks.

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“…Studies of the sedimentary records of tsunamis started only a few years ago (Atwater, 1987;Dawson et al, 1988) but there is already an extensive record of tsunami erosion and deposition, such as erosive escarpment formation on sandy beaches and dunes; and sand sheets covering the backshore on sandy coasts (Minoura and Nakaya, 1991;Bourgeois and Reinhart, 1993;Shi, 1993;Shi et al, 1995;Goff et al, 1998a;McSaveney et al, 2000). The thickness of a deposit is usually less than 0.5 m and this thins, fines and rises in altitude landward (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases grass and leaves are orientated in the direction of flow (Nishimura and Miyaji, 1995). Sedimentological differences in tsunami deposits can also indicate the runup and backwash of the waves (Shi et al, 1993(Shi et al, , 1995Nishimura and Miyaji, 1995;Sato et al, 1995;Goff et al, 1998b). Tsunami deposits are often well preserved in low-energy environments such as wetlands and coastal lagoons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary record of a tsunami during Roman times, Bay of Cadiz, Spain

Luque

Lario

Civis

et al. 2002

J Quaternary Science

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Historical data show that the Gulf of Cadiz has been exposed to destructive tsunamis during at least the past 2000 yr. The last tsunami was generated by the AD 1755 Lisbon earthquake, which affected the Atlantic coasts of Spain, Portugal and Morocco. Today, these littoral areas are intensely populated and the expected damage could be much greater. Tsunami studies are of great importance in helping to determine the recurrence interval of these events.The presence of washover fan deposits on the inland margin of the Valdelagrana Spit bar (Cadiz, Spain) indicates the occurrence of a high energy marine event ca. 2300 cal. yr BP. Historical, geomorphological, sedimentological, palaeontological and geochronological data suggest that a tsunami could have affected the area during Roman times.

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Coastal sedimentation associated with the December 12th, 1992 tsunami in Flores, Indonesia

Cited by 143 publications

References 1 publication

Erosion and Sedimentation from the 17 July, 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami

Erosion and Sedimentation from the 17 July, 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami

Landslide Tsunamis: Recent Findings and Research Directions

Sedimentary record of a tsunami during Roman times, Bay of Cadiz, Spain

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