Coating performance and characteristics for UV-curable aliphatic urethane acrylate coatings containing norrish type I photoinitiators

Lee, Byoung-Hoo; Choi, Ji Suk; Kim, Hyun‐Joong

doi:10.1007/bf02774511

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the present study, four types of aliphatic urethane acrylates and one type of aromatic urethane acrylate were used. The urethane acrylate oligomers, which consisted of either aromatic or aliphatic types, provided the proper balance of competing properties, such as flexibility, resistance to discoloration, chemical resistance, and cure rate [ 24 , 25 ]. The aromatic type offered a balance between reactivity, toughness, and hardness, whereas the aliphatic type had good color stability and durability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

et al. 2021

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In this study, five urethane acrylates (UAs), namely aliphatic urethane hexa-acrylate (87A), aromatic urethane hexa-acrylate (88A), aliphatic UA (588), aliphatic urethane triacrylate diluted in 15% HDD (594), and high-functional aliphatic UA (5812), were selected to formulate five UA-based photopolymer resins for digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printing. Each UA (40 wt%) was added and blended homogenously with ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (40 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (12 wt%), diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (3 wt%), and a pink acrylic (5 wt%). Each UA-based resin specimen was designed using CAD software and fabricated using a DLP 3D printer to specific dimensions. Characteristics, mechanical properties, and cytotoxicity levels of these designed UA-based resins were investigated and compared with a commercial 3D printing denture base acrylic resin (BB base) control group at different UV exposure times. Shore hardness-measurement data and MTT assays were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni’s post hoc test, whereas viscosity, maximum strength, and modulus were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test (α = 0.05). UA-based photopolymer resins with tunable mechanical properties were successfully prepared by replacing the UA materials and the UV exposure times. After 15 min of UV exposure, the 5812 and 594 groups exhibited higher viscosities, whereas the 88A and 87A groups exhibited lower viscosities compared with the BB base group. Maximum flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Shore hardness values also revealed significant differences among materials (p < 0.001). Based on MTT assay results, the UA-based photopolymer resins were nontoxic. In the present study, mechanical properties of the designed photopolymer resins could be adjusted by changing the UA or UV exposure time, suggesting that aliphatic urethane acrylate has good potential for use in the design of printable resins for DLP-type 3D printing in dental applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

et al. 2021

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“…At present, there has been limited work on polyurethane acrylate coating using UV-LED since most of them employed the UV-mercury curing system [ 15 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Strongone et al [ 38 ] and Malluceli [ 39 ] reported the possibility to prepare a UV-LED curable nanocoating based on epoxy acrylate with enhanced thermal and mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-LED as a New Emerging Tool for Curable Polyurethane Acrylate Hydrophobic Coating

et al. 2021

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The elimination of mercury, low energy consumption, and low heat make the ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) system emerge as a promising alternative to conventional UV-mercury radiation coating. Hence, a series of hydrophobic coatings based on urethane acrylate oligomer and fluorinated monomer via UV-LED photopolymerisation was designed in this paper. The presence of fluorine component at 1160 cm−1, 1235 cm−1, and 1296 cm−1 was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy. A considerably high degree C=C conversion (96–98%) and gel fraction (95–93%) verified the application of UV-LED as a new technique in radiation coating. It is well-accepted that fluorinated monomer can change the surface wettability as the water contact angle of the coating evolved from 88.4° to 121.2°, which, in turn, reduced its surface free energy by 70.5%. Hence, the hydrophobicity of the coating was governed by the migration of the fluorine component to the coating surface as validated by scanning electron and atomic force microscopies. However, above 4 phr of fluorinated monomer, the transparency of the cured coating examined by UV-visible spectroscopy experienced approximately a 16% reduction. In summary, the utilisation of UV-LED was a great initiative to develop green aspect in photopolymerisation, particularly in coating technology.

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“…In particular, the curing degree (CD) can be described by the double bond (C=C) conversion achieved during the crosslinking reaction in the resin and is determined by the ratio between the remaining concentration (C A ) of the C=C in the cured sample and the total number (

C_{0_{normalA}}

) of C=C in the uncured material: CD =

((), 1 - \frac{C_{A}}{C_{0_{A}}}) \cdot 100

. According to previous studies, 19,20 the decrease in the peak area at around 810 and 1635 cm −1 , assigned, respectively, to the H 2 C= twisting and H 2 C= stretching, peaks (2) and (7), indicates the curing degree. Considering the peak at 1722 cm −1 , peak (1), associated with the absorption of the carbonyl group, as reference for normalization because not involved in the radical polymerization reaction, the obtained conversion degree achieved at the end of the radiation treatment is about 98%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Printing and characterization of three‐dimensional high‐loaded nanocomposites structures

Sciancalepore

Bondioli

Messori

et al. 2021

Mat Design & Process Comms

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This study demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating by additive manufacturing composite objects based on acrylic hybrid photocurable formulations, containing 45% by weight of silica nanoparticles, with an average size of about 30 nm. A commercial stereolithography apparatus was used to selectively cure, layer by layer, the high‐loaded acrylic resin. The presence of the filler determines an increase in the physical and mechanical properties of the samples that become significantly stiffer and stronger than the pristine matrix. Dynamic mechanical analysis performed on the printed samples gave promising results for the use of developed formulation in the realization of three‐dimensional (3D) polymeric structures with improved mechanical properties.

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Coating performance and characteristics for UV-curable aliphatic urethane acrylate coatings containing norrish type I photoinitiators

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

UV-LED as a New Emerging Tool for Curable Polyurethane Acrylate Hydrophobic Coating

Printing and characterization of three‐dimensional high‐loaded nanocomposites structures

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