Coatings with recycled polyvinyl butyral on polyester and polyamide mono- and multifilament yarns

Brendgen, Rike; Graßmann, Carsten; Grethe, Thomas; Mahltig, Boris; Schwarz-Pfeiffer, Anne

doi:10.1007/s11998-020-00445-x

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The strong vibration between 1200 and 1000 cm −1 is derived from the acetal groups. This FT−IR spectrum is consistent with the literature spectra [ 9 , 27 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Selection of Conditions in PVB Polymer Dissolution Process for Laminated Glass Recycling Applications

2022

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Polyvinyl(butyral) (PVB) post-production waste collected from the windshields of end-of-life vehicles and post-consumer building laminated glass are valuable polymeric materials that can be reused. Every year, large amounts of PVB waste are still being buried in landfills owing to a lack of appropriate recycling techniques. Before reuse, PVB should be thoroughly cleaned of solid contaminants such as glass dust, fused heating wires, and other waste polymers, metals, and ceramics. This can be done by polymer dissolution and filtration. In this study, we propose the purification of PVB from contamination by dissolving the post-consumer polymeric materials into single and binary organic solvents. As part of the experimental work, measurements and optimization of the dissolution time of PVB were performed. PVB dissolves faster when a binary solvent (2-propanol + ethyl acetate) than pure 2-propanol is used. From the point of view of the practical application of PVB solutions, measurements of density and dynamic viscosity as a function of PVB concentration and temperature were performed. The PVB solutions obtained in this work can be widely used as glues for glass, ceramics, metal, impregnating, and insulating materials or as paint additives that are entirely transparent for visible light and to block UV rays.

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“…The strong vibration between 1200 and 1000 cm −1 is derived from the acetal groups. This FT−IR spectrum is consistent with the literature spectra [ 9 , 27 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Selection of Conditions in PVB Polymer Dissolution Process for Laminated Glass Recycling Applications

2022

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“…The coating process is based on vertical dip-coating technology. A similar coating set-up has been previously published [43]. Herein, a 3D-printed immersion bath was deployed in the yarn drying tower FMP-Ditro 3D from FMP Technology GmbH (Erlangen, Germany).…”

Section: Coating Of the Metallic Yarnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile Strain Sensor Enhancement by Coating Metal Yarns with Carbon-Filled Silicone

et al. 2022

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Flexible and stretchable strain sensors are an important development for measuring various movements and forces and are increasingly used in a wide range of smart textiles. For example, strain sensors can be used to measure the movements of arms, legs or individual joints. Thereby, most strain sensors are capable of detecting large movements with a high sensitivity. Very few are able to measure small movements, i.e., strains of less than 5%, with a high sensitivity, which is necessary to carry out important health measurements, such as breathing, bending, heartbeat, and vibrations. This research deals with the development of strain sensors capable of detecting strain of 1% with a high sensitivity. For this purpose, a total of six commercially available metallic yarns were coated with a carbon-containing silicone coating. The process is based on a vertical dip-coating technology with a self-printed 3D coating bath. Afterwards, the finished yarns were interlooped and stretched by 1% while electrical resistance measurements were carried out. It was shown that, although the coating reduced the overall conductivity of the yarns, it also improved their sensitivity to stress. Conclusively, highly sensitive strain sensors, designed specially for small loads, were produced by a simple coating set-up and interlooping structure of the sensory yarns, which could easily be embedded in greater textile structures for wearable electronics.

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“…A great deal of acceptance was gained by PVB due to its relatively low environmental impacts in addition to its excellent flexibility, film-forming capability, and adhesion to substrates. 13 However, surprisingly, PVB has been used sparingly as a contacting material in the field of TENGs. Quan et al 25 The indium oxide (IO) thin film is an inorganic, electrically conductive, and optically transparent material, which is used in numerous flexible optoelectronic devices including flat panel displays and touch screens owing to its excellent optical transparency, mechanical flexibility, and lightweight.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TENG incorporated with flexible electronics technology enabled the development of sensors and wearable electronics that are battery-free. Flexible TENGs have taken progressive advancements over rigid TENGs in recent times. − The triboelectric effect in polymers has made the TENG device extremely flexible with ease of fabrication and are frequently utilized in many electronic devices that require bending, stretching, and folding. , In addition, the presence of both electron-withdrawing functional groups [such as fluorine (F), carboxyl (COOH), ester group (COOR), cyano group (CN), and nitro (NO 2 )] and electron-donating functional groups [such as amide group (CONH), amino (NH 2 ), OH group, and alkoxy (OR)] facilitates the charge transfer mechanism during contact electrification. , Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) are some widely used triboelectric polymers. − As a frictional material for TENG application, polyvinyl butyral (PVB, also known as Butvar) can be an ideal candidate, which is an important class of polyvinyl acetals belonging to the group of thermoplastic polymers. A great deal of acceptance was gained by PVB due to its relatively low environmental impacts in addition to its excellent flexibility, film-forming capability, and adhesion to substrates .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mylar Interlayer-Mediated Performance Enhancement of a Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self-Powered Pressure Sensing Application

Syamini

Chandran

2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a green energy harvester that transforms mechanical energy from the surroundings and body movements into useful electrical energy by the combined effect of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction. Here, we have developed a flexible organic–inorganic film-based contact separation mode TENG with polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and indium oxide (IO) films as contact materials. A biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BoPET) film (known as “Mylar”) has been used as the charge transition-blocking interlayer between the PVB triboelectric layer and the electrode, which prevents the recombination of generated charges with the interfacial charges on the electrode and thereby enhances the electrical output performance. The fabricated flexible PVB-IO TENG having a contact area of 4 cm2 and a separation gap of 5 mm generates an output voltage and a short-circuit current density of ∼700 V and ∼1.52 mA/m2, respectively. An enhancement of ∼85-fold in the peak power density is obtained for the PVB-IO TENG with the BoPET layer at a load resistance of 200 MΩ in comparison with the one without the BoPET interlayer. The as-fabricated device was used for capacitor charging and powering electronic gadgets such as digital thermometers, calculators, and LEDs. Also, the developed PVB-IO TENG has been demonstrated for the mechanical energy scavenging from human motions such as finger tapping, palm tapping, finger bending, and elbow bending. Moreover, the PVB-IO TENG was structurally modified into a self-powered pressure sensor by reducing its contact area and separation gap, which exhibits an excellent sensitivity of ∼4.38 V/kPa in the pressure range from 0.5 to 16 kPa.

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Coatings with recycled polyvinyl butyral on polyester and polyamide mono- and multifilament yarns

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Selection of Conditions in PVB Polymer Dissolution Process for Laminated Glass Recycling Applications

Selection of Conditions in PVB Polymer Dissolution Process for Laminated Glass Recycling Applications

Textile Strain Sensor Enhancement by Coating Metal Yarns with Carbon-Filled Silicone

Mylar Interlayer-Mediated Performance Enhancement of a Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self-Powered Pressure Sensing Application

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