Cobalamin, folate and inorganic phosphate abnormalities in ill cats

Reed, Nicki; Gunn-Moore, Danièlle; Simpson, Kerry

doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2007.01.005

Cited by 55 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Low folate in the absence of hypocobalaminemia has been reported in other ill cat populations including cats with aortic thromboembolism (mean folate concentration 13.8 μg/L)23 and a heterogeneous group of systemically ill cats ( n = 103). Forty of the 103 ill cats were reported to have a serum folate lower than the reference interval 24. Additional research is needed to assess if a lower serum folate concentration in cats is associated with a functional folate deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Cobalamin and Methylmalonic Acid Concentrations in Hyperthyroid Cats Before and After Radioiodine Treatment

Geesaman

Whitehouse

Viviano

2016

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundHyperthyroidism, the most common endocrine disorder in cats, has been associated with low serum cobalamin concentrations. Whether this is a functional cobalamin deficiency of clinical importance has not been assessed.Hypothesis/ObjectivesCats with hyperthyroidism experience a functional cobalamin deficiency which correlates with their clinical catabolic state and is reversible with return of the euthyroid state.AnimalsThirty‐nine client‐owned hyperthyroid cats.MethodsProspective observational study. Serum cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, and clinical scores were determined in each hyperthyroid cat at enrollment and when euthyroid (60 days after radioiodine treatment).ResultsFive of the 39 hyperthyroid cats (13%) had a low serum cobalamin concentration ranging from <150 to 290 ng/L. Serum cobalamin concentrations normalized to >350 ng/L in 2 of the hypocobalaminemic cats once euthyroid. None of the hyperthyroid/hypocobalaminemic cats had increased serum methylmalonic acid concentrations (175–601 nmol/L). In cats with clinical and biochemical hyperthyroidism, there was no correlation between serum cobalamin concentrations with total T4 concentration (P = .12) or clinical scores including body weight (P = .11) and BCS (P = .54).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIn this population of hyperthyroid cats, the prevalence of hypocobalaminemia was low. Specifically, hyperthyroid cats, in which concurrent gastrointestinal disease is unlikely. Hypocobalaminemia is not a functional deficiency requiring supplementation in hyperthyroid cats without gastrointestinal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Cobalamin and Methylmalonic Acid Concentrations in Hyperthyroid Cats Before and After Radioiodine Treatment

Geesaman

Whitehouse

Viviano

2016

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…35,36 Hypocobalaminemia is prevalent (61%) in cats with chronic intestinal diseases (e.g., GI lymphoma, inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]) and also in cats with pancreatitis and liver diseases. 38,39 Changes in serum folate concentrations are inconsistently reported in feline chronic intestinal disease, but decreased folate is more frequent than increased folate in feline GI and pancreatic and liver diseases. 38 The main purpose of cobalamin measurement is to identify deficiency.…”

Section: Water-soluble Vitamins: Folate and Cobalamin Serum Concentramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38,39 Changes in serum folate concentrations are inconsistently reported in feline chronic intestinal disease, but decreased folate is more frequent than increased folate in feline GI and pancreatic and liver diseases. 38 The main purpose of cobalamin measurement is to identify deficiency. Cobalamin is involved in metabolism of sulfurcontaining amino acids as well as in lipid and DNA synthesis.…”

Section: Water-soluble Vitamins: Folate and Cobalamin Serum Concentramentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Tests for Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Diseases

Dossin

2011

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine

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The panel of laboratory tests available for diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in dogs and cats is wide, and, recently, several new tests have been developed. This article will focus on advances in laboratory tests that are available for the general practitioner for diagnosis of GI diseases. Laboratory tests for diagnosis of gastric and intestinal infectious diseases include fecal parasite screening tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for parvoviral enteritis, and some specific bacterial tests like fluorescent in situ hybridization for identification of specific bacteria attached to the intestinal epithelial cells. Serum concentrations of folate and cobalamin are markers of intestinal absorption, but are also changed in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Hypocobalaminemia is common in GI and pancreatic disease. Decreased serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity is a very sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in dogs and cats. Serum pancreatic lipase is currently the most sensitive and specific test to identify pancreatic cell damage and acute pancreatitis. However, serum canine pancreas-specific lipase is less sensitive in canine chronic pancreatitis. Increased serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity is also specific for pancreatic damage but is less sensitive. It is very likely that further studies will help to better specify the role of these new tests in the diagnosis of canine and feline pancreatic diseases.

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“…To date, there is little literature focused on feline triaditis and clinical studies are lacking. Several case reports describe cats with different combinations of inflammatory conditions of the intestine, liver, and pancreas, in some patients also in combination with hepatic lipidosis, chronic nephritis, or some combination of these disorders . However, these reports are either incomplete in terms of laboratory analysis or include only a small number of cases .…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Clinicopathological Features of Triaditis in a Prospective Case Series of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Cats

Fragkou

Adαmama-Moraitou

Poutahidis

et al. 2016

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundThe term triaditis designates the concurrent presence of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cholangitis, and pancreatitis in cats.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe histopathology of concurrent, but often subclinical, inflammatory processes in the small intestine, liver, and pancreas of cats is poorly described. We aimed to investigate the frequency of enteritis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, or some combination of these in symptomatic and asymptomatic cats, compare clinicopathological features, and correlate histopathological with laboratory findings.AnimalsDomestic cats (27 symptomatic, 20 asymptomatic, and 8 normal).MethodsProspective study. Physical examination, laboratory variables (CBC, serum biochemistry profile, serum thyroxine concentration, serum feline trypsin‐like immunoreactivity [fTLI], feline lipase immunoreactivity [fPLI, as measured by Spec fPL ®], urinalysis, and fecal analysis), imaging, and histopathological examinations were conducted. Feline liver, pancreas, and small intestine were biopsied during laparotomy.ResultsInflammatory lesions were detected in 47 cats (27 symptomatic, 20 asymptomatic). In total, 20 cats had histopathologic lesions of IBD (13/47, 27.7%), cholangitis (6/47, 12.8%), or pancreatitis (1/47, 2.1%) alone, or inflammation involving >1 organ (27/47, 57.4%). More specifically, 16/47 cats (34.0%) had concurrent lesions of IBD and cholangitis, 3/47 (6.4%) of IBD and pancreatitis, and 8/47 cats (17%) of triaditis. Triaditis was identified only in symptomatic cats (8/27, 29.6%). A mild, positive correlation was detected between the severity (score) of IBD lesions and the number of comorbidities (rho = +0.367, P = .022).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceHistopathological evidence of IBD or IBD with comorbidities was detected in both symptomatic and asymptomatic cats. The possibility of triaditis should be considered in symptomatic cats with severe IBD.

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Cobalamin, folate and inorganic phosphate abnormalities in ill cats

Cited by 55 publications

References 21 publications

Serum Cobalamin and Methylmalonic Acid Concentrations in Hyperthyroid Cats Before and After Radioiodine Treatment

Serum Cobalamin and Methylmalonic Acid Concentrations in Hyperthyroid Cats Before and After Radioiodine Treatment

Laboratory Tests for Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Diseases

Prevalence and Clinicopathological Features of Triaditis in a Prospective Case Series of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Cats

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