Cobalt chloride has beneficial effects across species through a hormetic mechanism

Abstract

Severe oxygen and iron deficiencies have evolutionarily conserved detrimental effects, leading to pathologies in mammals and developmental arrest as well as neuromuscular degeneration in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Yet, similar to the beneficial effects of mild hypoxia, non-toxic levels of iron depletion, achieved with the iron chelator bipyridine or through frataxin silencing, extend C. elegans lifespan through hypoxia-like induction of mitophagy. While the positive health outcomes of hypoxia preconditioning are evident, its practical application is rather challenging. Here, we thus test the potential beneficial effects of non-toxic, preconditioning interventions acting on iron instead of oxygen availability. We find that limiting iron availability through the iron competing agent cobalt chloride has evolutionarily conserved dose-dependent beneficial effects: while high doses of cobalt chloride have toxic effects in mammalian cells, iPS-derived neurospheres, and in C. elegans, sub-lethal doses protect against hypoxia- or cobalt chloride-induced death in mammalian cells and extend lifespan and delay age-associated neuromuscular alterations in C. elegans. The beneficial effects of cobalt chloride are accompanied by the activation of protective mitochondrial stress response pathways.

A Multisystemic Approach Revealed Aminated Polystyrene Nanoparticles‐Induced Neurotoxicity

“…Moreover, C. elegans can be cultivated in liquid media (S‐Medium) or on solid nematode growth media (NGM) agar plates and, together with its relatively short life cycle (3‐4 days) and lifespan (≈3 weeks), it offers a great multicellular model organism for in vivo investigation of chronic effects and life‐long exposure to different kind of interventions. [ 20,58–60 ]…”

“…Moreover, C. elegans can be cultivated in liquid media (S-Medium) or on solid nematode growth media (NGM) agar plates and, together with its relatively short life cycle (3-4 days) and lifespan (≈3 weeks), it offers a great multicellular model organism for in vivo investigation of chronic effects and life-long exposure to different kind of interventions. [20,[58][59][60] We initially evaluated particle effects by exposing wild-type (WT) animals in solid agar plates (the standard condition utilized in our laboratory) and tested different concentrations of PS-NH 2 NPs during animals' development to rule out unwanted neurodevelopmental toxicity. Since we also investigated exposure scenario in liquid media and this is done under dynamic conditions (mild shaking) to keep particles and animals in constant motion, particles concentrations were calculated according to the volume: with 10 μg mL −1 , equivalent to 5 μg cm −2 in cell viability assays and to 2 μg cm −2 in neuronal outgrowth measurement, and 100 μg mL −1 equivalent to 25 μg cm −2 in cell death analysis, as the most used concentrations (see Table S3, Supporting Information and Experimental Section for details on conversions between μg cm −2 and μg mL −1 ).…”

“…Quantification of GFP Signal in Transgene Reporter Strains: The GFP signal in the reporter strains HSP-6:GFP and CYP14A4::GFP was detected and analyzed as described previously. [60] Briefly, the worms were transferred on microscope glass slides containing S-Basal and levamisole (10 mm), acquired with Imager2 Zeiss fluorescence microscope, 40 x magnification and ZEN 2 (blue edition) and analyzed with Image J/Fiji 2.3.…”

Chelate compounds and their use for correction of trace element deficiencies in livestock (review)

“…Сельскохозяйственные животные и птица наиболее чувствительны к таким минеральным соединениям, как железо, цинк, медь, кобальт и марганец. Эти минералы обладают специфической активностью [13,14,15]. Связанные в хелатную форму минеральные соединения лучше усваиваются организмом, положительно влияют на рост и развитие продуктивных животных и птицы, что в конечном итоге сказывается на качественных показателях получаемой продукции [16,17,18].…”

Exploring Bacterial and Fungal Biodiversity in Eight Mediterranean Olive Orchards (Olea europaea L.) in Tunisia

“…These impacts include nutrient pesticide contamination characterized by variable effectiveness and damaging effects on the ecosystems [11] and human health [12], as well as increased resistance to insects and diseases. The management of the olive pest and diseases are based on appropriate agronomical practices, such as the use of certified healthy material, solarization, balanced pruning, improvement of soil management, irrigation, and fertilization control [13]; and preventive chemicals, such as the use of cupric salts [14], dimethoate [15], thiophanate methyl [16], fosetyl-aluminum and benomyl [17]. Other control approaches include biological control, trapping methods, the release of sterile insects, and integrated control.…”