Cocaine addiction: From habits to stereotypical-repetitive behaviors and punding

Fasano, Alfonso; Barra, A.; Nicosia, Paola; Rinaldi, Federica; Bria, Pietro; Bentivoglio, Anna Rita; Tonioni, Federico

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.02.005

Cited by 74 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…3 Some reports of cocaine addicts indicated that the activity started before cocaine use, but the activity was enhanced by the drug. 14 The relationship between habit and the development of punding seems to be confirmed by these lines of evidence ('Habit theory'; see below).…”

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In the same cohort, the majority of cases of RRSB started soon after the first drug intake, thus confirming a role for still unknown predisposing factors. 14 Other psychiatric comorbidities: We found a history of psychosis (mainly dopaminergic hallucinosis) in 11 of 25 PD cases (44%); the reason for such a high percentage may reflect an underlying pathological condition predisposing to both punding and psychosis, the high doses of dopaminergic drugs usually taken by these patients, or both. In addition, a minority of patients had previously experienced alcohol misuse and depression.…”

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Despite systematic screening that did not indicate a significant association of punding with ICDs, 8,14 another study found a positive correlation between a punding scale and impulsivity measured by means of the Barratt impulsivity scale. 21 Among the reported PD punders, one or more ICDs were reported in 13 of 22 cases (59.1%) ( Table 1), a prevalence much higher than the 2-8% estimated value reported in other PD series.…”

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 The reasons for this high percentage are unknown, and different hypotheses can be arrived at: (1) cocaine users are younger than PD patients; (2) the action of cocaine is stronger than that of levodopa and enhances an intact dopaminergic system; and (3) cocaine addicts are more frequently male. In the same cohort, the majority of cases of RRSB started soon after the first drug intake, thus confirming a role for still unknown predisposing factors.…”

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 In our previous study on cocaine addicts, we found a prevalence of 8%. 14 Nowadays, the most common cause of punding is PD. Miyasaki et al 15 found a prevalence of 1.4% using a patient-rated questionnaire, whereas Evans et al 3 directly interviewed patients and found a prevalence of 14%.…”

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into pathophysiology of punding reveal possible treatment strategies

Fasano

Petrović²

2010

Mol Psychiatry

111

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Punding is a stereotyped behavior characterized by an intense fascination with a complex, excessive, nongoal oriented, repetitive activity. Men tend to repetitively tinker with technical equipment such as radio sets, clocks, watches and car engines, the parts of which may be analyzed, arranged, sorted and cataloged but rarely put back together. Women, in contrast, incessantly sort through their handbags, tidy continuously, brush their hair or polish their nails. Punders are normally aware of the inapposite and obtuse nature of the behavior; however, despite the consequent self-injury, they do not stop such behavior. The most common causes of punding are dopaminergic replacement therapy in patients affected by Parkinson's disease (PD) and cocaine and amphetamine use in addicts. The vast majority of information about punding comes from PD cases. A critical review of these cases shows that almost all afflicted patients (90%) were on treatment with drugs acting mainly on dopamine receptors D1 and D2, whereas only three cases were reported in association with selective D2 and D3 agonists. Epidemiological considerations and available data from animal models suggest that punding, drug-induced stereotypies, addiction and dyskinesias all share a common pathophysiological process. Punding may be related to plastic changes in the ventral and dorsal striatal structures, including the nucleus accumbens, and linked to psychomotor stimulation and reward mechanisms. Possible management guidelines are proposed.

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Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods and Review Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Insights into pathophysiology of punding reveal possible treatment strategies

Fasano

Petrović²

2010

Mol Psychiatry

111

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Gender differences in restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests in youth with autism

et al. 2018

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Previous work has found gender differences in restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBI) for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Compared to girls, affected boys have increased stereotyped and restricted behaviors; however much less is known about gender differences in other areas of RRBI. This study aims to identify whether specific RRBI (i.e., stereotyped, self‐injurious, compulsive, insistence on sameness, ritualistic, and restricted), as measured by item‐level data on the Repetitive Behavior Scale‐Revised (RBS‐R), can distinguish girls from boys with ASD. Participants included 615 individuals with ASD (507 boys; 82.4%), ages 3–18 years of age (M = 10.26, SD = 4.20), who agreed to share data with the National Database for Autism Research (NDAR). Multivariate analysis of variance and discriminant function analysis (DFA) were used to determine whether item‐level RBS‐R data could correctly classify cases by gender. DFA results suggest that RBS‐R items significantly differentiate gender. Strongly differentiating RBS‐R items had greater success in correctly classifying affected boys (67.90%) than girls (61.00%). Items that best‐discriminated gender were heightened stereotyped behaviors and restricted interests items in boys and compulsive, sameness, restricted, and self‐injurious behavior items in girls. This study is the first to find that girls with ASD may have increased compulsive, sameness, and restricted RRBI compared to boys. Additionally, findings support heightened self‐injurious behaviors in affected girls. Future research should disentangle whether elevated rates of RRBI in girls are central to the presentation of ASD in girls or an epiphenomenon of the high rates of co‐occurring disorders (e.g., anxiety) noted in girls. Autism Res 2019, 12: 274–283 © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study is the first to examine a comprehensive measure of repetitive behavior in children with autism, with findings of increased compulsive, insistence on sameness, and self‐injurious behavior characterizing girls and increased stereotyped and restricted behavior characterizing boys. Future research should determine whether these elevated behaviors in girls are directly part of the autism presentation in girls or symptoms of co‐occurring psychopathology. It is important for autism diagnostic measures to best capture the types of repetitive behavior girls may demonstrate.

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Reply to Comparison of 7 Staging Systems for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization

Cho

2008

Cancer

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Cocaine addiction: From habits to stereotypical-repetitive behaviors and punding

Cited by 74 publications

References 11 publications

Insights into pathophysiology of punding reveal possible treatment strategies

Insights into pathophysiology of punding reveal possible treatment strategies

Gender differences in restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests in youth with autism

Reply to Comparison of 7 Staging Systems for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization

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