Cocaine-calcium channel antagonist interactions

Rowbotham, Michael C.; Hooker, William D.; Mendelson, Johns; Jones, Reese T.

doi:10.1007/bf00179925

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Single-dose bromocriptine efficacy has been demonstrated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, laboratory evaluation (51), but out patient treatment trials of bromocriptine and a similar dopaminergic agent, amantadine, are limited, and similar methylphenidate reductions of crav ing were found to be transient when applied clinically (39). [Possible stimulant blockade has also been tried using calcium channel blockers (52), lithium (21), trazadone (49), imipramine, or neuroleptics (36), but these have not yet demonstrated clinically useful blockade of cocaine effects. ]…”

Section: Experimental Pharmacotherapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine Dependence

Gawin¹,

Ellinwood²

1989

Annu. Rev. Med.

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Cocaine has been proclaimed the "drug of greatest national public health concern." Recent clinical investigations demonstrate that cocaine causes abuse and withdrawal patterns differing from those of other major abused drugs. These observations converge with preclinical data to suggest that cocaine dependence, rather than being a purely "psychological" addiction, is based in neurophysiological down-regulation in specific central nervous system processes that regulate hedonic (pleasure) responses. Promising new experimental pharmacological treatments have consequently appeared, as have specialized psychotherapeutic approaches to cocaine abuse.

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Section: Experimental Pharmacotherapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine Dependence

Gawin¹,

Ellinwood²

1989

Annu. Rev. Med.

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“…Heart rate induced effects on skin temperature, but not on cardiovascular or subjective effects (Rowbotham et al 1987). These latter results were possibly due to diltiazem's not crossing the blood-brain barrier.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of nifedipine pretreatment on subjective and cardiovascular responses to intravenous cocaine in humans

et al. 1991

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The effects of oral nifedipine pretreatment on subjective and cardiovascular responses to intravenous cocaine infusions were studied in cocaine-using volunteers. Nifedipine, 10 mg or placebo, was administered 20-25 min before placebo, 20 mg, or 40 mg cocaine, using a repeated measures randomized double-blind design. The variables measured were self-reported subjective effects, general behavior rated by two observers, blood pressure and heart rate. Cocaine produced the expected dose-related effects on subjective and cardiovascular measures. Nifedipine pretreatment attenuated some subjective effects of cocaine. Nifedipine directly reduced blood pressure but did not antagonize the effects of cocaine on blood pressure. These findings suggest that dihydropyridine calcium channel modulators may be useful compounds in the clinical management of cocaine users.

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“…On this basis two groups have carried out double-blind studies comparing the effect of calcium channel antagonists with placebo on both the cardiovascular and psychological effects of intravenous cocaine in human volunteers who have previously used cocaine. One study, in six subjects, showed that diltiazem was ineffective at blocking either the cardiovascular or psychological effects of cocaine (Rowbotham et al, 1987), whilst another, in ten subjects, showed that, whilst nifedipine did not reduce the cardiovascular effects of cocaine, it did attenuate some of the psychological effects (Muntaner et al, 1991). This latter finding might perhaps be considered surprising, since the main biochemical action of cocaine is to increase dopamine neurotransmission and L-type channel antagonists probably do not inhibit basal dopamine release (Table 3).…”

Section: Cocaine Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Smithkline Beecham Prize for Young Psychopharmacologists

Silverstone¹,

Grahame-Smith²

1992

J Psychopharmacol

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The symptoms and etiology of most major psychiatric disorders probably represent an underlying disturbance of neurotransmitter function. Understanding the mechanisms which control neurotransmitter function, and in particular neurotransmitter release, is therefore of considerable importance in determining the appropriate pharmacological treatment for these disorders. Calcium entry into neurons triggers the release of a wide range of neurotransmitters and recently our understanding of the mechanisms which control neuronal calcium entry has increased considerably. Neuronal calcium entry occurs through either voltage-sensitive or receptor-operated calcium channels. This article reviews the different subtypes of calcium channel, with particular reference to their structure; drugs which act upon them; and the possible function of the subtypes identified to date. In addition, it reviews the potential role of calcium channel antagonists in the treatment of a wide range of psychiatric disorders, and concludes that these drugs may have an increasing therapeutic role particularly in the treatment of drug dependence, mood disorders and Alzheimer's disease.

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Cocaine-calcium channel antagonist interactions

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Cocaine Dependence

Cocaine Dependence

Effects of nifedipine pretreatment on subjective and cardiovascular responses to intravenous cocaine in humans

Smithkline Beecham Prize for Young Psychopharmacologists

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