Cocaine-induced psychotic symptoms in French cocaine addicts

Vorspan, Florence; Brousse, Georges; Bloch, Vanessa; Bellais, Laetitia; Romo, Lucia; Guillem, E; Coeuru, Philippe; Lépine, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.04.008

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Of the total sample, 67.9% of the subjects presented with a history of any cocaine-induced psychotic symptomatology, as determined by the presence of a positive item in the PRISM interview. These results are consistent with other clinical sample studies reporting a prevalence between 29% and 86.5% (Manschreck et al, 1988;Brady et al, 1991;Satel and Edell, 1991;Barlett et al, 1997;Kalayasiri et al, 2006a;Tang et al, 2007;Vorspan et al, 2012;Roncero et al, 2013a, Roncero et al, 2013b. PRISM has never been used to study CIPD in cocaine-dependent patients who are seeking treatment in outpatient clinics; therefore, the results are difficult to compare.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Cocaine-Induced Psychotic Disorder (CIPD) has been found in 5% of young cocaine users (Herrero et al, 2008), and in cocaine dependent patients treated in therapeutic community, the prevalence of CIPD was 11.5% (VergaraMoragues et al, 2012). In clinical settings, psychotic symptoms have been found to occur in between 29% and 86.5% of cocaine-dependent patients (Brady et al, 1991;Satel and Edell, 1991;Barlett et al, 1997;Kalayasiri et al, 2006a;Tang et al, 2007;Roncero et al, 2012;Vorspan et al, 2012, Roncero et al, 2013a, but actual figures remain unclear because the samples are not similar, and the instruments and approach used in the evaluation process are not comparable .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some risks factors are associated with transient psychosis related to cocaine use: amount of cocaine consumed (Floyd et al, 2006;Kalayasiri et al, 2006a;Mahoney et al, 2008;Vorspan et al, 2012;Roncero et al, 2013a), age of onset of use (Cubells et al, 2005;Kalayasiri et al, 2006a;Floyd et al, 2006;Kalayasiri et al, 2010;Vorspan et al, 2012) and co-morbidity with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Tang et al, 2007;Roncero et al, 2013b). With respect to borderline personality disorder (BPD), antisocial personality disorder (APD) (Kranzler et al, 1994;Roncero et al, 2013a) and drug use (smoked or intravenous) (Mooney et al, 2006, Kalayasiri et al, 2006bVorspan et al, 2012;Roncero et al, 2013c), the association remains unclear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to borderline personality disorder (BPD), antisocial personality disorder (APD) (Kranzler et al, 1994;Roncero et al, 2013a) and drug use (smoked or intravenous) (Mooney et al, 2006, Kalayasiri et al, 2006bVorspan et al, 2012;Roncero et al, 2013c), the association remains unclear. Some authors have linked psychotic symptoms with these variables, but others reject these associations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Clinical differences between cocaine-induced psychotic disorder and psychotic symptoms in cocaine-dependent patients

Roncero

Comín

Daigre

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research

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Page 2 of 24The aim of this study is to compare the clinical characteristics of three groups of patients in treatment for cocaine dependence: patients without any psychotic symptoms (NS), patients with transient psychotic symptoms (PS) and patients with cocaine-induced psychotic disorder (CIPD). An observational and retrospective study of 150 cocaine-dependent patients undergoing treatment in the Drug Unit of the Psychiatry Department of University Hospital Vall d'Hebron in Barcelona (Spain) using these three groups, NS, PS and CIPD, was performed. All patients were evaluated with the PRISM interview. ANOVA, Chi-square tests and multivariate multinomial regression analysis were used to perform statistical analyses. Seven patients with a primary psychotic disorder were discharged.Forty-six patients (32.1%) did not report any psychotic symptoms. Ninety-seven patients (67.9%) presented with a history of any cocaine-induced psychotic symptom and were considered as the cocaine-induced psychotic (CIP) group.Among them, 39 (27.3%) were included in the PS group, and 58 (40.6%) were included in the CIPD group. A history of imprisonment was found significantly more frequently in the PS than the NS group. The distribution of age at onset of dependence, lifetime cannabis abuse or dependence and imprisonment were significantly different between the NS and CIPD groups. We conclude that in cocaine-dependent patients, clinicians should be advised about the risk of development of psychotic symptoms. The presence of some psychotic symptoms could increase the potential risks of disturbing behaviours.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical differences between cocaine-induced psychotic disorder and psychotic symptoms in cocaine-dependent patients

Roncero

Comín

Daigre

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research

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“…They are also often accompanied by transient psychotic symptoms such as paranoid ideations, hallucinations, and delusions, especially at high doses or with rapid routes of administration (such as intravenous or smoked). Repetitive, stereotyped, or OCD-like symptoms are described [44,45] during the peak effects. The few hours after the disappearance of the "high" effect, known as "the low," are often associated with physical symptoms such as tachycardia, insomnia, restlessness, and anxiety symptoms.…”

Section: Cocaine and Psychostimulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders: Co-occurrence and Clinical Issues

Vorspan

Mehtelli

Dupuy

et al. 2015

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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127

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The co-occurrence of substance use disorders (SUDs) and anxiety disorders has been now well established. This association is frequent and can be explained by three models: the shared vulnerability factors model, the self-medication model, and the substance-induced model. General population epidemiological studies provide strong evidence of the frequency of the association for the most used substances: tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and to a lesser extent sedatives, opiates, and cocaine. For substances that are less commonly used in the general population, the frequency of the co-occurrence can more precisely be studied in clinical samples. We provide the most recent literature results on the association of SUDs and anxiety, and evidence for one explicative model or the other when available. For substances with sedative properties (alcohol, benzodiazepines, cannabis, opioids), both evidence for a self-medication and for a toxic effect exist. For substances with psychostimulant properties (tobacco, cocaine, and amphetamines), the literature favors the toxic hypothesis to explain the association with anxiety disorders. We give practical steps for the recognition of these dual diagnoses and present therapeutic issues, although the strategies are rarely evidence based.

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