Cocaine-related myocardial infarction: concomitant heroin use can cloud the picture

Attaran, Robert R.; Ragavan, Dassen; Probst, A

doi:10.1097/00063110-200508000-00011

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 37 publications

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“…These associations and their effects have been extensively reviewed in the literature. 138−140 Other health problems associated with heroin use are the development of asthma, reduction in lung function, 141 nephropathy, 142 development of bipolar disorder, 143 masking of myocardial damage in concomitant use with cocaine, 144 and a reduction in pain tolerance. Management of pain therapy in patients addicted to heroin and cocaine is complex, and the use of strong opioids should be avoided.…”

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confidence: 99%

DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Heroin and Desomorphine

Mella

Romero-Parra

Recabarren‐Gajardo

2020

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Opioids are arguably one of the most important pharmacologic classes, mainly due to their rich history, their useful and potent analgesic effects, and also, just as importantly, their "Dark Side", constituted by their reinforcing properties that have led countless of users to a spiral of addiction, biological dependence, tolerance, withdrawal syndromes, and death. Among the most significant abused and addictive known opioids are heroin and desomorphine, both synthetic derivatives of morphine that belong to the 4,5-epoxymorphinan structural chemical group of the opioid family drugs. These agents share not only structural, pharmacological, and epidemiological features but also a common geographical distribution. A drop in Afghan heroin production and its "exports" to Russia gave rise to widespread consumption of desomorphine in ex-Soviet republics during the first decade of the 21st century, representing an economical and accessible alternative for misusers to this sort of derivative. Herein we review the state of the art of history, chemistry and synthesis, pharmacology, and impact on society of these "cursed cousins".

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confidence: 99%