Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana and Blattella germanica) as potential mechanical disseminators of Entamoeba histolytica

Pai, Hsiu-Hua; Ko, Yu‐Min; Chen, E.R.

doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(03)00140-2

Cited by 57 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Cockroaches frequently feed on human feces, and therefore they can disseminate cysts of enteric protozoans in the environment if such feces are contaminated (7,16,24,25,30,31,32). The important epidemiological role of cockroaches in transmission of intestinal Entamoeba histolytica-associated amoebiasis was demonstrated in 1971 (25) and in giardiasis in 1981 (16).…”

Section: Cockroaches As Vectors Of Human Enteric Protozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…German cockroaches (Blatella germanica) spread infectious Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar and Giardia lamblia cysts at their visited sites (16,30). A field survey carried out in 11 primary schools in an urban area of South Taiwan showed that over 25% of American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) and 10% of Blatella germanica were positive for infectious Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar cysts on the cuticle and in their digestive tracts (24). Laboratory experiments in which Blatella germanica and Periplaneta americana were exposed to Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis oocysts demonstrated that these oocysts were infectious (as per mouse bioassay) while transported by cockroaches (27).…”

Section: Cockroaches As Vectors Of Human Enteric Protozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over 50 species of synanthropic flies have been reported to be associated with unsanitary conditions and involved in dissemination of human enteropathogens in the environment. Of these, 21 species of filth flies have been listed by regulatory agencies concerned with sanitation and public health as causative agents of gastrointestinal diseases in people based on synanthropy, endophily (the preference of insects to enter buildings), communicative behavior, and strong attraction to filth and human food (22 Cockroaches frequently feed on human feces, and therefore they can disseminate cysts of enteric protozoans in the environment (7,16,18,24). Cockroaches have been epidemiologically involved in toxoplasmosis, giardiasis, sarcocystosis, and intestinal amoebiasis, (16,18,24,27,30).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanical Transmission of Human Protozoan Parasites by Insects

2005

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The filthy breeding habits, feeding mechanisms, and indiscriminate travel between filth and food make some groups of synanthropic insects such as nonbiting flies and cockroaches efficient vectors of human enteric protozoan parasites. Twenty-one species of filth flies have been listed by regulatory agencies concerned with sanitation and public health as causative agents of gastrointestinal diseases based on synanthropy, endophily, communicative behavior, and strong attraction to filth and human food. Outbreaks and cases of food-borne diarrheal diseases in urban and rural areas are closely related to the seasonal increase in abundance of filth flies, and enforced fly control is closely related to reductions in the occurrence of such diseases. Mechanical transmission of human parasites by nonbiting flies and epidemiological involvement of other synanthropic insects in human food-borne diseases have not received adequate scientific attention

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Section: Cockroaches As Vectors Of Human Enteric Protozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cockroaches As Vectors Of Human Enteric Protozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanical Transmission of Human Protozoan Parasites by Insects

2005

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“…One possible source of food contaminations could be dissemination of the pathogens to foods and/or utensils of catering centres through small animals such as cockroaches that live closely with humans in urban environments. Various investigations around the world revealed that cockroaches living close to human dwellings were important carriers of etiologic agents belonging to all groups of potential pathogens: viral, bacterial, protozoan and helminthes (Burgess and Chetwyn 1981, Agbodaze and Owusu 1989, Fotedar et al, 1991, Cloarec et al, 1992, Pai et al, 2003a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Pathogenic Microorganisms in the External Body Parts of American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) Collected from different Kitchens.

Malik¹

2013

IOSR-JPBS

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“…L. blattarum can parasitize the lung of the patient through inhalation of dust (Wang et al 2006). The existence of various species of protozoa, pathogenic and nonpathogenic, was reported in the hindgut of cockroaches (Brugerolle et al 2003;Pai et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification criteria of the rare multi-flagellate Lophomonas blattarum: comparison of different staining techniques

Alam-Eldin

Abdulaziz

2015

Parasitol Res

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Bronchopulmonary lophomoniasis (BPL) is an emerging disease of potential importance. BPL is presented by non-specific clinical picture and is usually accompanied by immunosuppression. Culture of Lophomonas blattarum is difficult and its molecular diagnosis has not yet been developed. Therefore, microscopic examination of respiratory samples, e.g., bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or sputum, is the mainstay of BPL diagnosis. Creola bodies and ciliocytophthoria are two forms of bronchial cells which occur in chest diseases with non-specific clinical picture like that of BPL. Both forms could be misrecognized as multi-flagellates because of their motile cilia in the wet mounts and due to shape variability of L. blattarum in stained smears. The aim of the study is to compare different staining techniques for visualizing L. blattarum to improve the recognition and diagnosis of BPL, to distinguish respiratory epithelial cells from L. blattarum and to decide which stain is recommended in suspected cases of BPL. BAL samples from patients which contain L. blattarum, creola bodies, and ciliocytophthoria were collected then wet mounts were examined. The BAL samples were also stained by Papanicolaou (PAP), Giemsa, hematoxylin and eosin (H & E), trichrome, Gram, and Diff-Quik (DQ) stains. The different staining techniques were compared regarding the stain quality. In wet mounts, the ciliary movement was coordinate and synchronous while the flagellar movement was wavy and leaded to active swimming of L. blattarum. In stained slides, bronchial cells were characterized by the presence of basal nucleus and the terminal bar from which the cilia arise. Trichrome was the best stain in demonstration of cellular details of L. blattarum. H & E, PAP, and Giemsa stains showed good quality of stains. Gram and DQ stains showed only pale hues of L. blattarum. We recommended adding Wheatley's trichrome staining to the differential diagnosis workup of cases of non-specific chest infections, especially when BPL is suspected, to avoid overdiagnosis or underdiagnosis of it.

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Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana and Blattella germanica) as potential mechanical disseminators of Entamoeba histolytica

Cited by 57 publications

References 10 publications

Mechanical Transmission of Human Protozoan Parasites by Insects

Mechanical Transmission of Human Protozoan Parasites by Insects

Study of Pathogenic Microorganisms in the External Body Parts of American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) Collected from different Kitchens.

Identification criteria of the rare multi-flagellate Lophomonas blattarum: comparison of different staining techniques

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