Cocoa extract exerts sex-specific anti-diabetic effects in an aggressive type-2 diabetes model: A pilot study

Racine, Kathryn C.; Iglesias‐Carres, Lisard; Herring, Jacob; Ferruzzi, Mário G.; Kay, Colin D.; Tessem, Jeffery S.; Neilson, Andrew P.

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.018

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…Similarly, the concentration of valerolactons appeared to have the strongest effect, comparing quartile 1 and quartile 4, on unstimulated, stimulated, and fold insulin secretion, as well as insulin content. These differences, which appear to reflect the individual microbiome composition, are supported by our previous findings demonstrating significant sex based and microbiome-based differences in terms of response to EC [54]. Overall, these findings suggest that native flavanols and valerolactones, but not the smaller metabolites (such as phenylpropionic or acetic acids, cinnamic acids, hippuric acids, benzoic acids, etc.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Bioavailable Microbial Metabolites of Flavanols Demonstrate Highly Individualized Bioactivity on In Vitro β-Cell Functions Critical for Metabolic Health

et al. 2023

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Dietary flavanols are known for disease preventative properties but are often poorly absorbed. Gut microbiome flavanol metabolites are more bioavailable and may exert protective activities. Using metabolite mixtures extracted from the urine of rats supplemented with flavanols and treated with or without antibiotics, we investigated their effects on INS-1 832/13 β-cell glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) capacity. We measured insulin secretion under non-stimulatory (low) and stimulatory (high) glucose levels, insulin secretion fold induction, and total insulin content. We conducted treatment-level comparisons, individual-level dose responses, and a responder vs. non-responder predictive analysis of metabolite composition. While the first two analyses did not elucidate treatment effects, metabolites from 9 of the 28 animals demonstrated significant dose responses, regardless of treatment. Differentiation of responders vs. non-responder revealed that levels of native flavanols and valerolactones approached significance for predicting enhanced GSIS, regardless of treatment. Although treatment-level patterns were not discernable, we conclude that the high inter-individual variability shows that metabolite bioactivity on GSIS capacity is less related to flavanol supplementation or antibiotic treatment and may be more associated with the unique microbiome or metabolome of each animal. These findings suggest flavanol metabolite activities are individualized and point to the need for personalized nutrition practices.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%