Coconut Husk, a Lignocellulosic Biomass, as a Promising Engineering Material for Non-wood Paper Production

Jeetah, Pratima; Jaffur, Nausheen

doi:10.1080/15440478.2021.1889428

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Lignocellulose-based materials receive much attention because of their numerous advantages such as lightweight, cost-effectiveness, non-toxicity, high mechanical strength, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Among them, cellulose fiber is one of the main components of natural fibers found in wood (softwood and hardwood [ 2 ]) and plants (banana [ 3 ], palm tree [ 4 ], hemp [ 5 ], coconut husk [ 6 ], flax [ 7 ], cotton [ 8 ], and sisal [ 9 ]). Cellulose fiber is a linear, high-molecular-weight homopolysaccharide made up of β-1,4-D-glucose units [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Functional Application of Cellulose Fibers Extracted from Cow Dung Wastes

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2023

Materials

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The widespread use of petroleum-based products has led to increasing environmental and ecological problems, while the extraction and application of various natural cellulose fibers have received increasing attention. This research focuses on the extraction of cellulose fibers from cow dung using different treatments: hot water, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) boilings, as well as a selection of the best quality cow dung fibers for papermaking with quality control. The study’s objective is to find a sustainable method to extract as much material as possible from renewable biomass feedstock. The results show that the best extraction rate is obtained by KOH boiling with 42% cellulose fibers extracted. Corresponding handmade paper has a burst index of 2.48 KPam2/g, a tear index of 4.83 mNm2/g and a tensile index of 26.72 Nm/g. This project expands the sources of natural cellulose fibers to an eco-friendly and sustainable one and opens up new applications for cow dung.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Functional Application of Cellulose Fibers Extracted from Cow Dung Wastes

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Therefore, under the binding effect between the AKD film and the paper mulch fibres, the wet strength of the paper mulch is improved. This indicates that the coating of AKD can improve the mechanical strength of fibre paper mulch as a whole, and its dry tensile strength is comparable to the strength of the mulch studied by Coconut Husk [40], Koray-Gulsoy [70], etc. It can effectively enhance the mulch's adaptability in agricultural production environments, meet production requirements, and be used in the agricultural field.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of the Akd-coated Paper Mulchmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Hemicellulose increases the strength of the paper mulch, especially its tensile strength [38]. The lower the lignin and ash content, the more favourable film-forming properties its pulp shows [39,40]. Therefore, cow dung and flax straw can be used as raw materials for mulch preparation.…”

Section: Component Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Development of Natural Fibre-Based Paper Mulch from Recyclable Cow Dung and Flax Straw Waste

Cao,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Livestock dung, discarded crop straws, and residual plastic film are the primary agricultural non-point sources of pollution. For livestock dung and discarded crop straw, the general treatment focuses on compost, animal fodder, industrial raw material, and new energy. The development of degradable mulch film is the main way to solve pollution from residual plastic film. However, an effective way to solve the above three types of pollution simultaneously and use them for ecological circular agriculture has been less studied. In this study, using cow dung and flax straw wastes as raw materials, we prepared natural, fibre-based paper mulch using the rapid-Kothen method and analysed the film-forming mechanism. Based on the Van Soest method, the cow dung and flax straw waste contain abundant cellulose fibres: 36.75% and 54.69%, respectively. The tensile strength and tear strength of fibre paper mulch are 1.87 kN/m and 19.91 N/mm, respectively. To enhance the adaptability of the fibre paper mulch in humid environments, the surface of the mulch was treated with alkyl ketene dimer (AKD). The AKD-coated fibre paper mulch displays hydrophobic properties, indicated by a contact angle of 128° ± 2°. It has a wet tensile strength of 0.64 kN/m and a wet tear strength of 8.23 N/mm. Additionally, it exhibits a dry tensile strength and a tear strength of 2.13 kN/m and 16.43 N/mm, respectively. Notably, the dry tensile strength is increased by 16.31%. In this way, the livestock dung and discarded crop straw can be reused, reducing dung pollution and straw burning in livestock farms, and the final products can alleviate the residual film pollution simultaneously.

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“…Through the analysis of the preparation process of paper film, it was determined that the main factors affecting the performance of the mixed film of cow dung and flax straw fibre are: the beating degree of flax fibre, the additional amount of flax straw fibre, the beating degree of cow dung fibre, and the paper basis weight. The beating degree of cow dung fibre (33,37,41,45, 49 • SR), the beating degree of flax straw fibre (73, 77, 81, 85, 89 • SR), and the paper basis weight (50, 60, 70, 80, 90 g/m 2 ) were studied.…”

Section: Experimental Design 231 Single-factor Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the Green Fibre Paper Film Preparation Process Based on Box–Behnken Response Surface Methodology

Cao,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Coatings

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To improve the utilization rate of flax straw and the clean treatment of livestock manure, an experimental study was conducted on the process and performance of making fibre paper films by mixing cow dung and flax straw fibre. Cow dung and flax straw were used as the main raw materials, and functional additives were not added. The whole technological process of the pretreatment, the beating process, the determination of the beating degree, the basis weight of the paper, papermaking, drying, sample cutting, and the determination and analysis of the related mechanical properties of the film-making materials were studied. In this study, the Box–Behnken experimental design principle in the response surface methodology was adopted, and the effect of each factor on the tensile strength and tear strength of fibre paper film made of mixed fibres was determined using the combined experimental design comprising four factors and three levels centres. The results showed that the optimum technological parameters were as follows: the beating degree of the cow dung fibre was 37 °SR, the beating degree of the flax straw fibre was 85 °SR, the paper basis weight was 80 g/m2, and the addition of flax straw fibre was 65%. At a drying temperature of 80 °C and a drying time of 8 min, under the conditions of the hybrid fibre paper film placed in the laboratory environment (humidity of 30%~40%, temperature of 18 °C) for 24 h, the measured tensile strength was about 8.26 MPa, and the tear strength was about 19.91 N/mm. This study provides a reference that can be used for the further study of fibre paper film.

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Coconut Husk, a Lignocellulosic Biomass, as a Promising Engineering Material for Non-wood Paper Production

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Characteristics and Functional Application of Cellulose Fibers Extracted from Cow Dung Wastes

Characteristics and Functional Application of Cellulose Fibers Extracted from Cow Dung Wastes

Green Development of Natural Fibre-Based Paper Mulch from Recyclable Cow Dung and Flax Straw Waste

Optimization of the Green Fibre Paper Film Preparation Process Based on Box–Behnken Response Surface Methodology

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