Coconut-husk derived graphene for supercapacitor applications: comparative analysis of polymer gel and aqueous electrolytes

Tatrari, Gaurav; Tewari, Chetna; Pathak, Mayank; Bhatt, Diksha; Solanki, Manisha; Shah, Faiz Ullah; Sahoo, Nanda Gopal

doi:10.1039/d3ma00126a

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Since the activated carbon material at high temperatures possesses a high surface area, high porosity, and optimal amount of oxygen functional groups, it can be a potential candidate for a supercapacitor electrode material. 6,24,32,34,50,51 3.2. Electrochemical Analysis of Activated Carbon.…”

Section: Structural and Morphological Analysis Of Activated Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the energy scarcity issue, activated carbon derived from coconut husk when used for supercapacitor electrodes caught worldwide attention and has the potential to serve as a future green energy storage solution. Until now, only a few studies have been done on supercapacitor electrodes based on coconut-husk-derived activated carbon. − Previously, Taer et al utilized activated carbon from coconut husk waste by using a combination of physical and chemical activation processes as a supercapacitor electrode. Their study reported a specific capacitance of 184 F g –1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s –1 for an activation temperature of 900 °C .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Activation Environment on Coconut-Husk-Derived Porous Activated Carbon for Renewable Energy Storage Applications

Tomy,

Geethamma,

Aravind

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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As a major agro waste of coconut, coconut husk is presented here as a cheap, abundant, novel, and sustainable green source of high-surface-area activated carbon for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. The present communication satisfies one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN goals) as an affordable, reliable, and sustainable solution for the existing energy technologies. The carbonization and the activation via a one-step integrated microwave pyrolysis system and vacuum furnace, respectively, are the production technologies used for the conversion of biomass into activated carbon. The chemical impregnation was performed in two different agents (KOH and H 3 PO 4 ) and three higher activation temperatures (700, 800, and 900 °C), and their physical properties and the supercapacitive performances were analyzed and compared. A high surface area of 1218 m 2 g −1 was achieved for KOH impregnation (AC KOH 900) with a weight ratio of AC to KOH of 1:2 at an activation temperature of 900 °C, yielding an excellent specific capacitance of 342 F g −1 , much higher than that of activated carbon with H 3 PO 4 activation (243 F g −1 ). The energy storage performance was further carried out by fabricating a symmetric supercapacitor device in aqueous and polymer gel (PVA-H 3 PO 4 ) electrolyte media, and excellent cyclic stability of nearly 100% was achieved with high power density for both KOH-and H 3 PO 4 -activated samples at high temperature, which can be interconnected with its enhanced surface area and high porosity that facilitates fast ion transport and improves energy storage performance. The fabricated supercapacitor cells, when used to power two red LEDs, showed a complete discharge at the end of 15 min while a maximum glow for 30 min was achieved for a single LED, which took 1 h for its complete discharge. Furthermore, via the present investigation, coconut-husk-derived activated carbon shows promise as a high capacitance, low cost, and renewable material, consequently suggesting a promising avenue toward high-power, affordable, renewable, and clean energy storage devices.

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Section: Structural and Morphological Analysis Of Activated Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Activation Environment on Coconut-Husk-Derived Porous Activated Carbon for Renewable Energy Storage Applications

Tomy,

Geethamma,

Aravind

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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“…The electrochemical performance was carried out in 1 M H 2 SO 4 and poly(vinyl alcohol)− KI−H 2 SO 4 polymer gel electrolytes, with the specific capacitance of 500 F g −1 at 1 mV s −1 and specific energy of 36.11 Wh kg −1 . 19 Bhat et al derived activated carbon from the leaves and stems of the cilantro plant using KOH as the activating agent, designing an electrode for use in supercapacitors and a cartridge for water filtration. In a 6 M KOH solution, the electrode demonstrated a specific capacitance of 162.4 F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 in 6 M KOH solution.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of their rich availability and sustainability, these biomass-derived materials have become a research hotspot widely used in different applications, like catalysts, electrodes, and absorbents. − Tatrari et al synthesized reduced graphene oxide for supercapacitor applications using the coconut husk biomass source. The electrochemical performance was carried out in 1 M H 2 SO 4 and poly(vinyl alcohol)–KI–H 2 SO 4 polymer gel electrolytes, with the specific capacitance of 500 F g –1 at 1 mV s –1 and specific energy of 36.11 Wh kg –1 . Bhat et al derived activated carbon from the leaves and stems of the cilantro plant using KOH as the activating agent, designing an electrode for use in supercapacitors and a cartridge for water filtration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Potassium-Based Activating Agents on the Biochar Derived from Coconut Tree Husk for Enhancing the Surface Area and Supercapacitor Performance

Ajin,

Chandra Bose

2024

Energy Fuels

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The growing demands for environmental and energy sustainability drive the development of energy storage devices with high energy and power densities and, consequently, potential electrode materials. The conversion of biomass waste into sustainable electrode materials has attracted much attention in the scientific community for energy storage applications. In this work, porous carbon is derived from the agricultural biowaste of the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) husk. This biowaste is activated through a chemical activation method using different activating agents, such as K2CO3, KOH, KMnO4, KCl, KBr, and KI. Among the samples, biomass-derived carbon activated using the KMnO4 activating agent (AC3) delivers a high specific surface area of 2333.4 m2 g–1 with a pore volume of 2.625 cm3 g–1, which results in excellent electrochemical performance, with a gravimetric capacitance of 560 F g–1 at 2 A g–1 current density in 2 M KOH electrolyte solution. To demonstrate the real-time application, symmetric aqueous (KOH) and gel [poly(vinyl alcohol)-PVA/KOH] electrolyte devices are fabricated using the AC3@graphite sheet as positive and negative electrodes. The fabricated symmetric gel electrolyte device achieves a high gravimetric capacitance of 276 F g–1 at the current density of 2 A g–1. The above device manifests an energy density of 38.3 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 1 kW kg–1. Besides, the cycle stability retains 98% even after 5000 cycles at 10 A g–1 current density. These superior electrochemical outcomes suggest that this AC3@graphite sheet electrode will have potential in electric double-layer supercapacitors.

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“…Due to their rapid charge and discharge rates, long cycle life, and almost no self‐discharge, EDLCs are preferred in applications where fast charging and high power density are crucial such as electric cars and other large‐scale energy storage devices 9,10 . On the other hand, EDLCs might not be a suitable choice for applications where a longer discharge process and high energy density are required 11,12 . The energy density of EDLCs is a subject of intense debate and research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge storage performance of a structurally flexible hybrid ionic liquid electrolyte

Tatrari,

Bhowmick,

Filippov

et al. 2023

Energy Storage

Self Cite

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The electrochemical and charge storage performance of a fluorine‐free structurally flexible hybrid pyrrolidinium‐based ionic liquid electrolyte (HILE) in a symmetric graphite‐based supercapacitor is thoroughly investigated. The HILE revealed thermal decomposition at above 230°C, a glass transition (Tg) temperature of below −70°C, and ionic conductivity of 0.16 mS cm−1 at 30°C. The chemical and electrochemical properties are investigated using a systematic variable temperature 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy and diffusometry, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and galvanostatic charge‐discharge (GCD). The supercapacitor demonstrated a notable specific capacitance of 186 F g−1 at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1 and a specific capacitance of 122 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. The maximum energy density of 48.8 Wh kg−1, a power density of 450 W kg−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, and a potential window of 4 V were obtained. Altogether, this study demonstrates that the new HILE can be used in symmetric graphite‐based supercapacitors over a wide potential window of 4 V and a temperature range from −20°C to 90°C.

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Coconut-husk derived graphene for supercapacitor applications: comparative analysis of polymer gel and aqueous electrolytes

Abstract: Herein, we propose the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using coconut husk as a green and natural resource for supercapacitor (SCs) applications. The electrochemical performance of graphene sheets is...

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Activation Environment on Coconut-Husk-Derived Porous Activated Carbon for Renewable Energy Storage Applications

Effect of Activation Environment on Coconut-Husk-Derived Porous Activated Carbon for Renewable Energy Storage Applications

Effects of Potassium-Based Activating Agents on the Biochar Derived from Coconut Tree Husk for Enhancing the Surface Area and Supercapacitor Performance

Charge storage performance of a structurally flexible hybrid ionic liquid electrolyte

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