Cocultivation of phytopathogenic Fusarium and Alternaria strains affects fungal growth and mycotoxin production

Müller, Marina; Steier, I.; Köppen, Robert; Siegel, David J.; Proske, M.; Korn, Ulrike; Koch, Matthias

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05388.x

Cited by 51 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…A recent study reported the suppression of toxin production (by more than 95%) in Alternaria tenuissima when the fungus was co-cultivated with F. culmorum or F. graminearum [27]. We thus plotted alternariol against trichothecene concentrations, but could not detect any correlation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Faces of a Changing Climate: Semi-Quantitative Multi-Mycotoxin Analysis of Grain Grown in Exceptional Climatic Conditions in Norway

Uhlig

Eriksen

Hofgaard³

et al. 2013

Toxins

126

112

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Recent climatological research predicts a significantly wetter climate in Southern Norway as a result of global warming. Thus, the country has already experienced unusually wet summer seasons in the last three years (2010–2012). The aim of this pilot study was to apply an existing multi-analyte LC-MS/MS method for the semi-quantitative determination of 320 fungal and bacterial metabolites in Norwegian cereal grain samples from the 2011 growing season. Such knowledge could provide important information for future survey and research programmes in Norway. The method includes all regulated and well-known mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, trichothecenes, ochratoxin A, fumonisins and zearalenone. In addition, a wide range of less studied compounds are included in the method, e.g., Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids and other metabolites produced by fungal species within Fusarium, Penicillium and Aspergillus. Altogether, 46 metabolites, all of fungal origin, were detected in the 76 barley, oats and wheat samples. The analyses confirmed the high prevalence and relatively high concentrations of type-A and -B trichothecenes (e.g., deoxynivalenol up to 7230 µg/kg, HT-2 toxin up to 333 µg/kg). Zearalenone was also among the major mycotoxins detected (maximum concentration 1670 µg/kg). Notably, several other Fusarium metabolites such as culmorin, 2-amino-14,16-dimethyloctadecan-3-ol and avenacein Y were co-occurring. Furthermore, the most prevalent Alternaria toxin was alternariol with a maximum concentration of 449 µg/kg. A number of Penicillium and Aspergillus metabolites were also detected in the samples, e.g., sterigmatocystin in concentrations up to 20 µg/kg.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Faces of a Changing Climate: Semi-Quantitative Multi-Mycotoxin Analysis of Grain Grown in Exceptional Climatic Conditions in Norway

Uhlig

Eriksen

Hofgaard³

et al. 2013

Toxins

126

112

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“…Interactions of fungi and bacteria with Alternaria could exist more often in competition and in antagonistic processes than in undisturbed coexistence. Few studies dealing with the co-occurrence of Fusarium and fluorescent pseudomonads with Alternaria suggest the implication of mycotoxins as antagonistic substances in these interactions [52,53] Simultaneously, competition processes between different fungal genera affect the production of mycotoxins or increase the metabolization of toxins [54,55]. That means that the production of mycotoxins in natural habitats is influenced by biotic and abiotic factors and could represent various toxin profiles and different concentrations of mycotoxins [56,57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotlight on the Underdogs—An Analysis of Underrepresented Alternaria Mycotoxins Formed Depending on Varying Substrate, Time and Temperature Conditions

Zwickel

Kahl

Klaffke

et al. 2016

Toxins

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Alternaria (A.) is a genus of widespread fungi capable of producing numerous, possibly health-endangering Alternaria toxins (ATs), which are usually not the focus of attention. The formation of ATs depends on the species and complex interactions of various environmental factors and is not fully understood. In this study the influence of temperature (7 °C, 25 °C), substrate (rice, wheat kernels) and incubation time (4, 7, and 14 days) on the production of thirteen ATs and three sulfoconjugated ATs by three different Alternaria isolates from the species groups A. tenuissima and A. infectoria was determined. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used for quantification. Under nearly all conditions, tenuazonic acid was the most extensively produced toxin. At 25 °C and with increasing incubation time all toxins were formed in high amounts by the two A. tenuissima strains on both substrates with comparable mycotoxin profiles. However, for some of the toxins, stagnation or a decrease in production was observed from day 7 to 14. As opposed to the A. tenuissima strains, the A. infectoria strain only produced low amounts of ATs, but high concentrations of stemphyltoxin III. The results provide an essential insight into the quantitative in vitro AT formation under different environmental conditions, potentially transferable to different field and storage conditions.

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“…(Jones et al, 1997) or other toxigenic fungi such as Alternaria spp. (Müller et al, 2012); (2) in temperate areas, DON is the most prevalent mycotoxin in wheat (Mishra et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fungicide application to controlFusarium head blight and 20Fusarium andAlternaria mycotoxins in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Scarpino

Reyneri

Sulyok

et al. 2015

WMJ

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Azole fungicides have been reported to be the most effective active substances in the control of Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) and in the reduction of the main mycotoxins that occur in cereal grain, such as deoxynivalenol (DON). Four field experiments have been conducted in North West Italy, over a period of 2 growing seasons, in order to evaluate the effect of azole fungicide (prothioconazole) applications on the prevalence of emerging mycotoxins in common winter wheat under naturally-infected field conditions. Wheat samples have been analysed by means of a diluteand-shoot multi-mycotoxin LC-MS/MS method. Twenty fungal metabolites were detected: enniatins, aurofusarin, moniliformin, equisetin, DON, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, culmorin, bikaverin, beauvericin, fumonisins, fusaric acid, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone, decalonectrin, butenolide, tentoxin, alternariol and alternariol methyl ether. The most abundant fungal metabolites were DON and culmorin, with an average contamination in the untreated control of 1,360 µg/kg and 875 µg/kg, respectively, in the growing season with the highest disease pressure (2011)(2012). On average, the results have shown that the fungicide application significantly reduced the enniatins (from 127 µg/kg to 46 µg/kg), aurofusarin (from 62 µg/kg to 21 µg/kg), moniliformin (from 32 µg/kg to 16 µg/kg), tentoxin (from 5.2 µg/kg to 2.5 µg/kg) and equisetin (from 0.72 µg/kg to 0.06 µg/kg) contents in all the experiments. However, DON, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside and culmorin were only significantly reduced in the growing season with the highest disease pressure. The other fungal metabolites were mainly found in traces in the untreated plots. These results, which have been obtained in different environmental and agronomic conditions, have underlined for the first time that the fungicide usually applied to control the FHB and DON content, also consistently reduces the main emerging mycotoxins of winter wheat in temperate areas.

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Cocultivation of phytopathogenic Fusarium and Alternaria strains affects fungal growth and mycotoxin production

Cited by 51 publications

References 50 publications

Faces of a Changing Climate: Semi-Quantitative Multi-Mycotoxin Analysis of Grain Grown in Exceptional Climatic Conditions in Norway

Faces of a Changing Climate: Semi-Quantitative Multi-Mycotoxin Analysis of Grain Grown in Exceptional Climatic Conditions in Norway

Spotlight on the Underdogs—An Analysis of Underrepresented Alternaria Mycotoxins Formed Depending on Varying Substrate, Time and Temperature Conditions

Effect of fungicide application to controlFusarium head blight and 20Fusarium andAlternaria mycotoxins in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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