COD inhibition alleviation and anammox granular sludge stability improvement by biochar addition

Rapid Start-Up and Long-Term Stability of Anammox with Magnetic Biochar Addition: Performance Improvement, Microbial Community, and Potential Mechanisms

“…Earlier, AnAOB barely produced NO 3 – –N, while NO 2 – –N was removed in large quantities, suggesting that denitrifying bacteria may dominate . AnAOB has a far poorer adaption to the culture environment than denitrifying bacteria, and they grow at a lower rate with longer multiplication times of 15–30 days . The individual reactor durations in this phase were FCS700 for 4 days, FCS300, CS300, and CS500 for 5 days, CS700 for 6 days, FCS500 for 7 days, and CK for 10 days.…”

“…16 AnAOB has a far poorer adaption to the culture environment than denitrifying bacteria, and they grow at a lower rate with longer multiplication times of 15−30 days. 2 The individual reactor durations in this phase were FCS700 for 4 days, FCS300, CS300, and CS500 for 5 days, CS700 for 6 days, FCS500 for 7 days, and CK for 10 days. In summary, adding biochar shortened the durations during the hydrolysis phase of the start-up process and improved the removal of NO 2 − −N compared to CK.…”

“…1 AnAOB uses NO 2 − −N as an electron acceptor to oxidize NH 4 + −N to N 2 under anoxic conditions; the process does not require the participation of a carbon source and achieves autotrophic nitrogen removal. 2 Compared to traditional nitrification−denitrification processes, anammox offers great economic benefits such as no additional organic carbon, aeration saved by 62.5%, and low energy consumption. 3 Nevertheless, anammox reactor start-up usually takes a long time, as AnAOB grows slowly, doubling ploidy times are long at 7−20 days, and has a low cell yield at 0.066 ± 0.010 mol C/mol NH 4 +4,5 Particularly, the sludge is easily washed away with the effluent, making the enrichment of AnAOB problematic during the practice period.…”

“…Anammox is widely used in biological wastewater treatment as an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly biological nitrogen removal process . AnAOB uses NO 2 – –N as an electron acceptor to oxidize NH 4 + –N to N 2 under anoxic conditions; the process does not require the participation of a carbon source and achieves autotrophic nitrogen removal …”

Editorial: Biological nitrogen removal from low carbon wastewater

“…Carbon neutrality is an unprecedented challenge for the world, it is particularly necessary to invent innovative and economic process for nitrogen removal from low carbon wastewater (Bae and Kim, 2021;Rui and Peng, 2021). Recently, the relevant research is developing rapidly, including the carbon sources utilization, autotrophic nitrogen removal, novel microorganisms, and so on (Xie et al, 2022). For example, the Strass sewage plant in Austria (Nowak et al, 2015), the Changi sewage plant in Singapore (Trinh et al, 2021), and the new concept sewage plant in Yixing, China were all tried to achieve high-quality nitrogen removal from low carbon wastewater in the field.…”