Coda-Wave Based Monitoring of Pore-Pressure Depletion-driven Compaction of Slochteren Sandstone Samples from the Groningen Gas Field

Zotz-wilson, Reuben; Filippidou, N.; Linden, Arjan van der; Verberne, Berend A.; Barnhoorn, Auke

doi:10.1002/essoar.10501522.1

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Following the theory of Aki and Chouet (1975), we can rewrite the coda decorrelation in terms of the scattering coefficient ( g 0 ) between a perturbed ( p ) and unperturbed ( u ) medium (Zotz‐wilson et al., 2020).

K(t)=\frac{{v}_{0}}{2}t\ \vert {\Delta }{g}_{{0}_{p-u}}\vert ,

where K ( t ) is the theoretical decorrelation coefficient, t the time in the coda, and v 0 the velocity in the medium.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

K(t)=\frac{{v}_{0}}{2}t\ \vert {\Delta }{g}_{{0}_{p-u}}\vert ,

where K ( t ) is the theoretical decorrelation coefficient, t the time in the coda, and v 0 the velocity in the medium. Using a rolling reference ( N = 1), the changes in the absolute value of | g 0 | are monitored as a rate of change (e.g., Zotz‐Wilson et al., 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precursory Signals to Injection Induced Fault Reactivation in the Laboratory Using Active Ultrasonic Monitoring Methods

Veltmeijer,

Naderloo,

Pluymakers

et al. 2024

JGR Solid Earth

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Induced earthquakes are still highly unpredictable, and often caused by variations in pore fluid pressure. Monitoring and understanding the mechanisms of fluid‐induced fault slip is essential for seismic risk mitigation and seismicity forecasting. Fluid‐induced slip experiments were performed on critically stressed faulted sandstone samples, and the evolution of the actively sent ultrasonic waves throughout the experiment was measured. Two different fault types were used: smooth saw‐cut fault samples at a 35° angle, and a rough fault created by in situ faulting of the samples. Variations in the seismic slip velocity and friction along the fault plane were identified by the coda of the ultrasonic waves. Additionally, ultrasonic amplitudes show precursory signals to laboratory fault reactivation. Our results show that small and local variations in stress before fault failure can be inferred using coda wave interferometry for time‐lapse monitoring, as coda waves are more sensitive to small perturbations in a medium than direct waves. Hence, these signals can be used as precursors to laboratory fault slip and to give insight into reactivation mechanisms. Our results show that time‐lapse monitoring of coda waves can be used to monitor local stress changes associated with fault reactivation in this laboratory setting of fluid‐induced fault reactivation. This is a critical first step toward a method for continuous monitoring of natural fault zones, contributing to seismic risk mitigation of induced and natural earthquakes.

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