Coeliac disease and the videocapsule: what have we learned till now

Abstract

Celiac disease is diagnosed in part by finding areas of pathology in the small bowel (SB) mucosa.This can often be difficult because the pathologic alterations, including atrophy of the small intestinal villi, can often be sparse and subtle. Some of the quantitative methods for detecting and measuring the presence of villous atrophy from videocapsule endoscopy (VCE) images are presented and discussed. These methods consist of static features of measurement including texture, gray level, and presence and abundance of fissures contained within each acquired image. The methods also consist of dynamic measurements including spectral analysis, and determining motion from a sequence of endoscopic images as obtained from a VCE clip. Thus far, several methods have been found useful to characterize the SB mucosa of untreated celiac disease patients versus control patients lacking villous atrophy, which have revealed significant differences in texture, frequency, and motion on analysis of VCE. In untreated celiac patients undergoing endoscopy, there tends to be greater magnitude of changes and spatial differences in textural descriptors, longer periodic components, indicating slower periodic activity, and differences in feature location, suggesting alterations in motility at areas of pathology as compared to patients without villous atrophy. Improvements in the quantitative analysis of VCE imaging in celiac patients is important to detect pathology in suspected patients, so that biopsies can be obtained from pertinent regions of the small intestinal mucosa. Improvements are also necessary so that patients with celiac disease can be monitored to evaluate the progress of mucosal healing after onset of treatment.

Current Paediatric Coeliac Disease Screening Strategies and Relevance of Questionnaire Survey

“…The method of obtaining intestinal mucosal specimens may also vary, from using forceps from the distal duodenum to using a suction capsule from the jejunum [23] (as recommended by paediatric societies). The role of capsule endoscopy in establishing CD diagnosis is also evaluated [24, 25]. Such procedures, in addition to being quite expensive and time-consuming, are painful and uncomfortable for patients, especially for children (with a risk of adverse reactions such as bleeding).…”

Celiac disease presenting as abnormal atrial rhythm resolving after gluten-free diet

“…During recent decade growing number of publications describe an association of various cardiovascular diseases with CD, including increased vascular thrombosis, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, pericardial effusion, accelerated atherosclerosis, and rhythm disturbances [1][2][3][4] . Moreover, cardiovascular disease was suggested to be the leading cause of death of CD patients [3] .…”

Current Evidence on Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Celiac Disease: Systematic Review

“…Ciaccio et al proposed some quantitative measurement (statistical and syntactical measurement, motility estimation) in video capsule endoscopy images in order to detect and measure the presence of VA in CD patients (Ciaccio et al, 2016a;Ciaccio et al, 2016b). Also in (Ciaccio et al, 2017b), Ciaccio et al described and discussed methods used for quantitative detection and analysis of VA in the small intestinal mucosa of CD patients using video capsule endoscopy images but these remain to be further validated in larger samples (Ciaccio et al, 2017b).…”