Coexistence of immunoreactivities for glutamate decar☐ylase and tyrosine hydroxylase in some neurons in the periglomerular region of the rat main olfactory bulb: possible coexistence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and dopamine

Kosaka, Toshio; Hataguchi, Yoshihiro; Hama, Kiyoshi; Nagatsu, Ikuko; Wu, Jang‐Yen

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)91172-2

Cited by 180 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Previous studies (Pinching and Powell, 1971a,b;Ribak et al, 1977;Kosaka et al, 1985) indicate that PG cells, many of which are GABAergic, form reciprocal dendrodendritic synapses with mitral/tufted cells and ET cells. Because PG cells receive barrages of monosynaptic EPSPs from synchronously bursting ET cells (Hayar et al, 2004b), they could provide coordinated inhibitory feedback, which may synchronize the activity of ET cells.…”

Section: Spontaneous Synaptic Input To Et Cellsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Olfactory Bulb External Tufted Cells Are Synchronized by Multiple Intraglomerular Mechanisms

Hayar¹,

Shipley²,

Ennis³

2005

J. Neurosci.

107

129

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In rat olfactory bulb slices, external tufted (ET) cells spontaneously generate spike bursts. Only ET cells affiliated with the same glomerulus exhibit significant synchronous activity, suggesting that synchrony results mainly from intraglomerular interactions. The intraglomerular mechanisms underlying their synchrony are unknown. Using dual extracellular and patch-clamp recordings from ET cell pairs of the same glomerulus, we found that the bursting of ET cells is synchronized by several mechanisms. First, ET cell pairs of the same glomerulus receive spontaneous synchronous fast excitatory synaptic input that can also be evoked by olfactory nerve stimulation. Second, they exhibit correlated spontaneous slow excitatory synaptic currents that can also be evoked by stimulation of the external plexiform layer. These slow currents may reflect the repetitive release of glutamate via spillover from the dendritic tufts of other ET or mitral/tufted cells affiliated with the same glomerulus. Third, ET cells exhibit correlated bursts of inhibitory synaptic activity immediately after the synchronous fast excitatory input. These bursts of IPSCs were eliminated by CNQX and may therefore reflect correlated feedback inhibition from periglomerular cells that are driven by ET cell spike bursts. Fourth, in the presence of fast synaptic blockers, ET cell pairs exhibit synchronous slow membrane current oscillations associated with rhythmic spikelets, which were sensitive to the gap junction blocker carbenoxolone. These findings suggest that coordinated synaptic transmission and gap junction coupling synchronize the spontaneous bursting of ET cells of the same glomerulus.

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Section: Spontaneous Synaptic Input To Et Cellsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Olfactory Bulb External Tufted Cells Are Synchronized by Multiple Intraglomerular Mechanisms

Hayar¹,

Shipley²,

Ennis³

2005

J. Neurosci.

107

129

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“…The olfactory nerve terminals synapse with mitral and tufted cells in the MOB glomerulus, and also with intrinsic periglomerular cells (PG) that circumscribe the glomeruli. PG cells (GABAergic or dopaminergic) mediate feedback inhibition within the glomerulus and lateral (feedforward) inhibition between glomeruli [60][61][62]. Mitral and tufted cells send their primary dendrites into the glomeruli and their secondary dendrites into the external plexiform layer.…”

Section: The Main Olfactory Bulb (Mob)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Encoding of Olfactory Recognition Memory

Sánchez-Andrade

James

Kendrick

2005

Journal of Reproduction and Development

105

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Abstract. Our work with both sheep and mouse models has revealed many of the neural substrates and signalling pathways involved in olfactory recognition memory in the main olfactory system. A distributed neural system is required for initial memory formation and its short-term retention-the olfactory bulb, piriform and entorhinal cortices and hippocampus. Following memory consolidation, after 8 h or so, only the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex appear to be important for effective recall. Similarly, whereas the glutamate-NMDA/AMPA receptor-nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic GMP signalling pathway is important for memory formation it is not involved in recall post-consolidation. Here, within the olfactory bulb, up-regulation of class 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors appears to maintain the enhanced sensitivity at the mitral to granule cell synapses required for effective memory recall. Recently we have investigated whether fluctuating sex hormone levels during the oestrous cycle modulate olfactory recognition memory and the different neural substrates and signalling pathways involved. These studies have used two robust models of social olfactory memory in the mouse which either involve social or non social odours (habituation-dishabituation and social transmission of food preference tasks). In both cases significant improvement of learning retention occurs when original learning takes place during the proestrus phase of the ovarian cycle. This is probably the result of oestrogen changes at this time since transgenic mice lacking functional expression of oestrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ, the two main oestrogen receptor sub-types) have shown problems in social recognition. Therefore, oestrogen appears to act at the level of the olfactory bulb by modulating both noradrenaline and the glutamate/NO signalling pathway. Key words: Olfactory bulb, Olfactory memory, Olfactory recognition, Social learning, Nitric oxide (NO), Oestrous cycle, Sheep, Mouse, Social transmission of food preference (J. Reprod. Dev. 51: [547][548][549][550][551][552][553][554][555][556][557][558] 2005) or several decades, olfactory learning has been used as a model for the study of memory. This is not only because mammalian olfactory learning shows a number of features common to the human declarative memory system one-trial learning, rapid encoding, long lasting memories and a high capacity for information storage-but also because olfactory memory models represent a relatively simple form of learning and the olfactory system has well characterised pathways and structural organisation which offers many advantages in defining how processing occurs at a systems level. This makes it feasible to study plasticity at all levels in the system, from the initial sensory detection of odourant molecules at the level of the olfactory receptors righ t thr ough to high er cortical processing.There are many different forms of olfactory learning and memory in diverse behavioural contexts involving different mechanisms within the olfactory system. Olfactory learning ...

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“…In rodents, the two main types of glutamatergic projection neurons in the OB -mitral neurons and tufted neurons -are generated exclusively during embryonic stages (Hinds, 1968a;Hinds, 1968b;Bayer, 1983) from dorsal progenitors expressing the TFs Emx1 (Gorski et al, 2002) and Neurog2 (Winpenny et al, 2011). By sharp contrast, local circuit neurons, which are mostly GABAergic neurons that can also express dopamine (Kosaka et al, 1985;Betarbet et al, 1996;Hack et al, 2005), start to be generated embryonically by ventrolateral progenitors expressing the TF Er81 (ets variant gene 1; Etv1 -Mouse Genome Informatics) (Stenman et al, 2003), and are continuously generated throughout life by progenitors located within the whole extension of the postnatal and adult subventricular zone (SVZ) (Altman, 1969;Bayer, 1985;Luskin, 1993;BatistaBrito et al, 2008). Fate-mapping experiments using the Cre-Lox system have provided evidence that these progenitors in the postnatal SVZ are derived from distinct germinative niches of the developing telencephalon (Kohwi et al, 2007;Young et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult neural stem cells: plastic or restricted neuronal fates?

et al. 2013

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SummaryDuring embryonic development, the telencephalon is specified along its axis through morphogenetic gradients, leading to the positional-dependent generation of multiple neuronal types. After embryogenesis, however, the fate of neuronal progenitors becomes more restricted, and they generate only a subset of neurons. Here, we review studies of postnatal and adult neurogenesis, challenging the notion that fixed genetic programs restrict neuronal fate. We hypothesize that the adult brain maintains plastic neural stem cells that are capable of responding to changes in environmental cues and generating diverse neuronal types. Thus, the limited diversity of neurons generated under normal conditions must be actively maintained by the adult milieu.

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Coexistence of immunoreactivities for glutamate decar☐ylase and tyrosine hydroxylase in some neurons in the periglomerular region of the rat main olfactory bulb: possible coexistence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and dopamine

Cited by 180 publications

References 15 publications

Olfactory Bulb External Tufted Cells Are Synchronized by Multiple Intraglomerular Mechanisms

Olfactory Bulb External Tufted Cells Are Synchronized by Multiple Intraglomerular Mechanisms

Neural Encoding of Olfactory Recognition Memory

Adult neural stem cells: plastic or restricted neuronal fates?

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