Coexistence of tuberculosis and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the thyroid gland: Case report and literature review

Akbulut, Sami; Demyati, Khaled; Yavuz, Ridvan; Söğütçü, Nilgün; Şamdancı, Emine; Yağmur, Yusuf

doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103861

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…We performed surgery in this case as the physical examination findings, imaging and FNAC were highly suspicious in favor of malignancy. The surgery is not a completely unnecessary step for our patient as TTB may coexist with thyroid carcinoma and without surgery the diagnosis could have been missed 3 , 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Extrapulmonary TB has been described in various parts of the body. However, even in TB endemic countries, primary TTB with histopathological and microbiological evidence and without evidence of extra-TTB is an extremely rare condition 3 , 5 . TB in such atypical locations is usually misdiagnosed resulting in diagnostic dilemma and unnecessary aggressive therapeutic interventions 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary thyroid tuberculosis mimicking papillary carcinoma of thyroid: a rare case report

Banmala

Sarita

Raut

et al. 2023

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Introduction and Importance: Primary thyroid tuberculosis is an extremely rare extrapulmonary involvement by the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its rarity and resemblance to thyroid malignancy led to unnecessary aggressive operative interventions. Case Presentation: A 54-year-old female presented with recent onset dysphagia and foreign body sensation in the throat for 3 months, and anterior neck swelling since last 10 years. Clinical Findings and Investigations: A single nodular firm anterior neck swelling was present which moves with deglutition. Thyroid function test was normal. Ultrasonography thyroid revealed TIRADS-3. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of papillary carcinoma of thyroid. Interventions and Outcome: Total thyroidectomy with central compartment neck dissection was performed. Histopathology of the thyroid specimen revealed tubercular thyroiditis. Postoperatively, Mantoux test and interferon gamma radioassay were positive. Antitubercular therapy was given for total of 6 months. Conclusions: With ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology, preoperative diagnosis of primary thyroid tuberculosis is quite challenging even in tuberculosis endemic countries. So, it should be considered one of the differential diagnoses despite negative relevant history and without clinical cervical lymph nodes involvement with cytology proven suspicious papillary thyroid cancer before proceeding for surgical intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary thyroid tuberculosis mimicking papillary carcinoma of thyroid: a rare case report

Banmala

Sarita

Raut

et al. 2023

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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“…It may also present as thyroid abscess with pain, fever, and other nonspecific signs and symptoms [ 6 ]. Primary thyroid tuberculosis is rare even in countries where TB disease is endemic, with prevalence ranging from 0.1% to 1.15% [ 7 ]. Some risk factors such as age, diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were associated with the occurrence of tuberculosis of the thyroid gland [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid tuberculosis mimicking multinodular goiter: a case report

Kindie,

Belachew,

Habte

et al. 2024

J Med Case Reports

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Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the second most common infectious cause of death in adults worldwide. The ability of this organism to efficiently establish latent infection has enabled it to spread to nearly one-third of individuals worldwide. Approximately 8 million new cases of active tuberculosis disease occur each year, leading to about 1.7 million deaths. The disease incidence is magnified by the concurrent epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus infection. A total of 1.3 million people died from tuberculosis in 2022. In 2022, an estimated 10.6 million people fell ill with tuberculosis worldwide, including 5.8 million men, 3.5 million women, and 1.3 million children. We report a case of thyroid tuberculosis presenting as multinodular goiter. Neck ultrasound was done and revealed abscess collection on the background of multinodular colloid goiter. The diagnosis of thyroid tuberculosis was confirmed by a positive GeneXpert of the pus sample and the presence of extensive caseous necrosis on cytopathology examination. Furthermore, anterior neck swelling may provide a diagnostic challenge by clinically mimicking multinodular goiter or thyroid neoplasms. Owing to its rarity and its tendency to pose a clinical diagnostic challenge, we decided to report it. Case presentation A 60-year-old retired female Ethiopian high-school teacher presented to University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia with firm, nontender multinodular anterior neck swelling measuring at largest 2 × 3 cm that moves with swallowing. GeneXpert of the pus sample and cytopathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of thyroid tuberculosis, and the patient was started on 2 rifampicin−ethambutol−isoniazid−pyrazinamide/4 rifampicin−isoniazid 3 tablets by mouth/day, which is defined as the preferred first-line anti-tuberculosis regimen in Ethiopia, and pyridoxine 50 mg by mouth per day for 6 months. Since then, she has been followed with regular liver function tests. The patient has shown a smooth course with no significant adverse effects encountered. Currently, the patient has completed her anti-tuberculosis treatment and is doing well. Conclusion In the clinical evaluation of a patient with anterior neck swelling, tuberculosis must be considered as a differential diagnosis in subjects from endemic areas for early diagnostic workup and management.

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Coexistence of tuberculosis and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the thyroid gland: Case report and literature review

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Primary thyroid tuberculosis mimicking papillary carcinoma of thyroid: a rare case report

Primary thyroid tuberculosis mimicking papillary carcinoma of thyroid: a rare case report

Thyroid tuberculosis mimicking multinodular goiter: a case report

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