Coffee consumption by type and risk of digestive cancer: a large prospective cohort study

Abstract

Background Evidence of a protective effect of coffee consumption for liver cancer has been found but inconclusive for other digestive cancers. Few previous studies have investigated coffee type (specifically instant or ground coffee) and few investigated a range of digestive cancer types within the one cohort. We therefore investigated the association between coffee consumption by type with digestive cancers in a large UK population-based cohort. Methods We analysed data from the UK Biobank cohort study using self-reported coffee consumption and cancer-registry recorded incident digestive cancers. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were calculated using Cox regression. Risk of every type of digestive cancer was investigated in association with coffee consumption by dose-response and by coffee type (decaffeinated, instant, ground). Results Over 7.5 years of follow-up, 3,567 developed digestive cancer among 471,851 participants. A marked association was observed for hepatocellular carcinoma by any dose of coffee (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29, 0.87) and by instant coffee (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28, 0.93). We did not observe significant consistently reduced risks of other individual digestive cancer types amongst coffee drinkers. Conclusion We found some evidence that coffee consumption was inversely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma which was apparent for instant coffee consumption.

Coffee Consumption and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Meta-Epidemiological Study of Population-based Cohort Studies

“…A total of 11 cohort studies were selected as the primary subjects (Hiatt et al, 1988;Shibata et al, 1994;Harnack et al, 1997;Michaud et al, 2001;Isaksson et al, 2002;Stolzenberg-Solomon et al, 2002;Luo et al, 2007;Nilsson et al, 2010;Bhoo-Pathy et al, 2013;Bidel et al, 2013;Guertin et al, 2015). From 285 papers by citing these 11 articles, four studies among them were additionally secured as the secondary subjects (Genkinger et al, 2012;Lukic et al, 2018;Tran et al, 2019;Zhou et al, 2019). And there was not any new cohort study meeting the selection criteria on the reference in the primary and secondary study subjects.…”

Coffee and digestive cancers—what do we know, and where do we go?

“…However, unlike most cohort studies, UK Biobank participants reported whether they typically consumed decaffeinated, instant, ground or other types of coffee. In this way, Tran et al 5 provide an important methodological advance over previous studies.…”

“…In line with earlier studies, they found that coffee drinking was associated with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, although associations with other types were largely null. Importantly, Tran et al 5 found no evidence that the inverse association between coffee drinking and HCC varied by coffee type. Despite small case numbers, these results are consistent with a few prior studies that evaluated brewing type, such as in the ATBC study of Finnish smokers, where inverse associations for coffee drinking with incident liver cancer were observed for both boiled and filtered coffee.…”

“…Within this context, Tran et al 5 examine the association of selfreported coffee drinking with the risk of digestive cancer in the UK Biobank cohort. Despite the large size of the cohort, follow-up remains relatively short, so the numbers of individual cancers and associated statistical power was relatively low for most sites.…”

“…Yet, the mechanisms by which coffee drinking may affect cancer have not been established. Tran et al 5 begin the important process of examining the impact of coffee preparation method. Improved self-report via automated 24-h recalls, and cloud computing coupled with advances in studying the human microbiome, genetic variation and metabolism, as well as highthroughput and reproducible biochemical assays suggest an emerging renaissance in nutritional studies.…”