Coffee consumption is not related to the metabolic syndrome at the age of 36 years: the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Coffee consumption has been postulated to decrease the risk of diabetes mellitus type II. The longterm effects of coffee consumption on the metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components are unknown. This study investigated the relationship of long-term coffee consumption between the age of 27 and 36 years with the prevalence of the MS at the age of 36 years. Subject/Methods: Data on coffee consumption and the MS components were derived from a healthy sample of 174 men and 194 women followed up from the age of 27 years onwards. Data analysis was performed with the use of generalized estimating equations and regression analysis. Results: At the age of 36 years, the prevalence of the MS was 10.1%. The growth of coffee consumption did not differ significantly between subjects with or without the MS or its components. Regression analyses showed that one cup day À1 higher coffee consumption was related to 0.11 mm Hg lower mean arterial blood pressure (P ¼ 0.03), 0.02 mg 100 ml À1 higher triglyceride level (P ¼ 0.57), 0.04 mg 100 ml À1 higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P ¼ 0.35), 0.09% higher HbA 1c (P ¼ 0.12) and 0.02 cm larger waist circumference (P ¼ 0.57). After adjustment for physical activity, energy intake, smoking behaviour and alcohol consumption, none of the relationships between coffee consumption and the MS or its components was significant. Conclusions: Coffee consumption is not associated with the MS or its components in a healthy sample followed up for 9 years.

Habitual coffee consumption inversely associated with metabolic syndrome-related biomarkers involving adiponectin

“…Previous studies showed the significant association between higher decaffeinated coffee consumption and lower HbA 1c levels among women with type 2 diabetes [45], whereas no significant associations were seen in other population-based studies [16,46].…”

“…Despite numerous studies on these diseases, studies of healthy volunteers regarding MetS-related biomarkers are relatively few and inconclusive. One study conducted on a Japanese population over the age of 40 y showed an inverse association between coffee consumption and MetS [15], whereas a study conducted on a younger European population, ages 27 to 36 y, showed no relation [16]. In these studies, waist circumferences were compared with the effects of coffee consumption on central obesity.…”

“…More recently, a large prospective study has shown that coffee consumption was inversely associated with total and cause-specific mortality [14]. Despite numerous studies conducted on these diseases, studies with healthy participants on MetS-related biomarkers have been relatively few, including our recent study [15][16][17]. Thus, it is very important to investigate whether or not habitual coffee consumption is beneficial in this regard.…”

Relationship Between Coffee Consumption and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Japanese Civil Servants

“…To our knowledge, only a few studies have examined the relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. 17 , 18 One cross-sectional study showed that habitual coffee consumption was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and its components among Japanese elderly adults. 17 Another longitudinal study, which followed a Dutch population for 9 years, found no association between coffee consumption and the development of metabolic syndrome.…”

“…17 Another longitudinal study, which followed a Dutch population for 9 years, found no association between coffee consumption and the development of metabolic syndrome. 18 …”