“…However, the larger skewed length will increase the axial force and reduce the reciprocating range for the LPMSM with short stroke. Meanwhile, some Analysis and Minimization of Detent End Force in Linear Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines L other methods have been investigated, such as shape optimization of the exterior teeth [18], current compensation [6], [19], and PM optimization [20], and each has both the advantages and disadvantages. For the LPMSM with short stroke, the secondary end effect is also non-negligible, while only limited literature has considered this problem [21].…”