Cognate effects and cognitive control in patients with parallel and differential bilingual aphasia

Abstract

The present data indicate preserved language co-activation for patients with parallel as well as differential aphasia. Furthermore, the results suggest a general cognitive control dysfunction, specifically for differential aphasia. Taken together, the results of the current study provide further support for the hypothesis of impaired cognitive control abilities in patients with differential aphasia, which has both theoretical and practical implications.

Executive control in bilingual aphasia: a systematic review

“…Four of the studies that did not find abnormal interference nevertheless found bPWA to be significantly slower and/or less accurate overall on tasks (Calabria et al, 2019; Gray & Kiran, 2016, 2019; Van der Linden et al, 2018b). 1 This shows that while the specific ability to resist interference from distractors may be intact, other cognitive abilities necessary to perform the task, such as processing speed or sustained attention, may be below normal performance.…”

“…Evidence for a more direct relationship between EC deficits and selective recovery of one language is provided by Verreyt et al (2013) and corroborated by the group comparison of Van der Linden et al (2018b). They investigated bPWA's language control and EC abilities and found that bPWA with differential recovery of their languages tentatively showed more difficulties with both linguistic control and inhibitory control, compared to bPWA with parallel recovery.…”

“…bPWA also show impairments on the flanker task: 21 bPWA reported on in six studies experienced larger interference compared to healthy control participants (Dash, Masson-Trottier & Ansaldo, 2020; Green et al, 2010; Keane & Kiran, 2015; Van der Linden et al, 2018a, 2018b; Verreyt, De Letter, Hemelsoet, Santens & Duyck, 2013). However, a larger number of bPWA shows unimpaired performance on this task: 44 participants in six studies (Calabria, Grunden, Serra, García-Sánchez & Costa, 2019; Gray & Kiran, 2016, 2019; Green et al, 2010, 2011; Van der Linden et al, 2018b). The results of the putatively non-linguistic inhibition task thus show a more mixed pattern of impairments as compared to the Stroop task.…”

“…Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Kong et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2016;Leemann et al, 2007;Mariën et al, 2017;Van der Linden et al, 2018a, 2018bVerreyt et al, 2013). In most cases, such impairments follow damage to subcortical areas, part of the anterior control loop (Abutalebi & Green, 2007;Green & Abutalebi, 2008).…”

“…Several studies report dissociations between bilingual language control and EC impairments, suggesting that problems experienced by bPWA are restricted to language control (Dash & Kar, 2014;Gray & Kiran, 2016Green et al, 2011). Other studies report overlap (Van der Linden et al, 2018a, 2018bVerreyt et al, 2013), although differing regarding the extent of the overlap (Calabria et al, 2019;Green et al, 2010).…”