Cognition and gait show a distinct pattern of association in the general population

Verlinden, Vincentius J.A.; Geest, Jos N. van der; Hofman, Albert; Ikram, M. Arfan

doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2013.03.009

Cited by 102 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Among others, Rhythm reflects cadence and stride time; Variability reflects stride length and stride time variability; Phases reflects double support time and double support as a percentage of the gait cycle; Pace reflects stride length and velocity; Tandem reflects errors in tandem walking; turning reflects the number of turning steps and turning time; and Base of Support reflects stride width and its variability. Finally, Global Gait was calculated by summing all gait domains, dividing by the number of gait domains and subsequently calculating a new z-score [17]. To facilitate interpretation of our findings, we additionally included the two most commonly assessed gait parameters, velocity and cadence.…”

Section: Assessment Of Gaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gait changes are often too subtle to be detected by clinical observation alone; however, clinical consequences of such subtle changes may be considerable [11]. Gait is affected by various organ systems, such as the central nervous system, cardiovascular system and musculoskeletal system, and poor gait is a strong risk factor of death [16][17][18][19][20]. COPD may affect gait through any of these systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gait patterns in COPD: the Rotterdam Study

et al. 2015

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Gait disturbances in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may lead to disability and falls. As studies assessing gait kinematics in COPD are sparse, we investigated associations of COPD with various gait domains and explored a potential link with falling.Gait was measured within the prospective, population-based Rotterdam Study (age ⩾55 years) using an electronic walkway and summarised into seven gait domains: Rhythm, Variability, Phases, Pace, Tandem, Turning and Base of Support. Rhythm is a temporal gait aspect that includes cadence and reflects how quickly steps are taken.Persons with COPD (n=196) exhibited worse Rhythm (−0.21 SD, 95% CI −0.36-−0.06 SD) compared with persons with normal lung function (n=898), independent of age, sex, height, education, smoking or analgesic use, especially when dyspnoea and severe airflow limitation or frequent exacerbations (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease group D: −0.83 SD, 95% CI −1.25-−0.41 SD) were present. A lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s was associated with worse Rhythm and Pace, including lower cadence and gait velocity, respectively. Importantly, fallers with COPD had significantly worse Rhythm than nonfallers with COPD.This study demonstrates that persons with COPD exhibit worse Rhythm, especially fallers with COPD. The degree of Rhythm deterioration was associated with the degree of airflow limitation, symptoms and frequency of exacerbations. @ERSpublications This study comprehensively investigates, in a large, population-based cohort, the gait pattern in COPD http://ow.ly/HQbc3

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Section: Assessment Of Gaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait patterns in COPD: the Rotterdam Study

et al. 2015

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“…Global Gait was calculated by summing the gait domains and dividing by seven and subsequently restandardised into a z-score. 20 Additionally, we investigated gait velocity as a general gait measure, which is the most commonly used gait parameter and strongly associates with mortality. 24 Gait assessment was blinded to FFQ assessment and vice versa.…”

Section: Gait Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 Gait is influenced by many organ systems, including the central and peripheral nervous system, cardiovascular system and musculoskeletal system. [16][17][18][19][20] Damage to these systems may impair gait, which in turn can severely impair daily functioning and increase risk of falling, morbidity and mortality. 14,[21][22][23][24] Conventionally, gait is assessed as gait velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, gait is a complex concept consisting of many domains (Figure 1), which reflect different abilities, for example, physical strength and cognition, and relate distinctively to various health aspects. [18][19][20]25 Investigating alcohol, coffee and tobacco consumption in relation to gait may provide additional insight into overall beneficial or detrimental effects of these substances on general health, delineating possible interventions to improve gait and thereby health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The associations of alcohol, coffee and tobacco consumption with gait in a community-dwelling population

et al. 2015

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Dual-Task Gait and Incident Dementia

2017

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To the Editor We read with interest the study by Montero-Odasso et al 1 that shows that low dual-task gait speed is a sensitive marker of imminent dementia onset among patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The study has important implications for dementia risk stratification among patients with MCI, which may help to select patients with MCI for putative neuroprotective clinical trials that aim to delay the clinical onset of dementia. However, 3 important gaps in knowledge remain.First, a critical question remains as to whether dual-task gait also predicts dementia in adults who do not yet have overt cognitive impairment. At that stage, pathological processes are typically less advanced among individuals who are prone to develop dementia, and putative neuroprotective interventions may still have substantial effects on the delay of dementia onset. Because its measurement is rapid and noninvasive, dual-task gait may therefore contribute to the selection of cognitively asymptomatic individuals for inclusion in neuroprotective intervention clinical trials.Second, while individuals with a high dual-task cost during the counting task had the highest hazard ratio for dementia in this study, it is noteworthy that individuals with a high "dual-task cost" during 2 relatively more complex tasks (naming animals or serial sevens) also had an increased risk of dementia. 1 While the latter 2 associations were not statistically robust in this relatively small sample, they question the extent to which the observed "dual-task cost" depends on the specific task that is administered. In fact, it is plausible that the task-specificity of the dual-task cost could vary by cognitive performance because complex dual tasks may be better at identifying high-risk individuals for dementia among cognitively asymptomatic populations than in patient populations with MCI. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of the dual-task cost associated with several specific tasks among a cognitively heterogeneous population is warranted.Third, while this study focuses on the dual-task cost of gait speed, to our knowledge, the predictive use of the dual-task cost of other quantitative gait aspects for dementia remains largely unknown. In this context, a particularly promising gait aspect is variability (eg, high variability in stride length and time). Even under single-task conditions, variability is associated with cognitive performance and incident dementia independently of gait speed. 2,3 Under dual-task conditions, gait variability changes disproportionally more than gait speed does, and that difference is more distinct among patients with MCI than among individuals without cognitive impairment. 4 These findings highlight the need for a thorough investigation of the predictive use of quantitative gait aspects, including variability, for dementia.In the coming years, prospective cohort studies will accrue sufficient follow-up for dementia to robustly assess the usefulness of dual-task gait in predicting dementia among individuals without cogn...

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Cognition and gait show a distinct pattern of association in the general population

Abstract: Cognition and gait show a distinct pattern of association. These data accentuate the close, but complicated, relation between cognition and gait, and they may aid in unraveling the broader spectrum of the effects of brain aging.

Cited by 102 publications

References 31 publications

Gait patterns in COPD: the Rotterdam Study

Gait patterns in COPD: the Rotterdam Study

The associations of alcohol, coffee and tobacco consumption with gait in a community-dwelling population

Dual-Task Gait and Incident Dementia

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