In regards to waste treatment and management, both in the European Union and in the Republic of Serbia, a candidate for EU membership, it is necessary to improve municipal waste management systems, transform them into sustainable management systems and treat waste as a resource in order to preserve the environment and protect human health. In May 2018, an amendment to Directive 2008/98/EC, Directive 2018/851 was adopted, which refers to waste treatment in EU member states and which is in line with all other laws and regulations of the European Union. The total production of municipal waste in the 35 European countries participating in the data collection decreased by 3% in absolute terms and the average amount of waste per person by 7%. The aim of this paper is to compare the amount of municipal waste generated by residents of urban areas in the Republic of Serbia and in the Member States of the European Union.