Cognitive/affective and somatic/affective symptoms of depression in patients with heart disease and their association with cardiovascular prognosis: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Somatic/affective depressive symptoms were more strongly and consistently associated with mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with heart disease compared with cognitive/affective symptoms. Future research should focus on the mechanisms by which somatic/affective depressive symptoms may affect cardiovascular prognosis.

The Impact of Depressive Disorder Symptoms and Subtypes on 6-Year Incidence of Somatic Diseases

“…Our finding that somatic/vegetative depressive symptoms seem to contribute to a higher somatic disease incidence is in line with a meta-analysis showing that in patients with heart disease, somatic depressive symptoms were associated with cardiovascular prognosis, unlike cognitive depressive symptoms [10]. Possibly, some of these somatic/vegetative symptoms may be prodromal symptoms of a somatic disease instead of actual depressive symptoms, which may lead to an overestimation of the found association between somatic/vegetative symptoms and somatic disease incidence.…”

Longitudinal modelling of theory-based depressive vulnerabilities, depression trajectories and poor outcomes post-ACS

“…The finding that pertinent cardiovascular disease indices such as LVEF did not mediate the depression-prognosis link fits with some recent findings (Meijer et al, 2013a) which show only partial mediation of the depressionprognosis link when analysing various disease indices. The lack of mediation here may be explained by the depression scales used in the present study, which omitted somatic items, and these items may be more related to disease indices than other items (de Miranda Azevedo et al, 2014). It is surprising that sex was not a significant predictor of depression trajectories, in contrast to current literature (Doyle et al, 2015).…”

“…The reliability of the trajectories may be low, and need to be replicated in further studies. The omission of somatic items may be problematic, as outlined above, as these items may better predict mortality than other depressive symptoms (de Miranda Azevedo et al, 2014). To maximise power for our primary analyses, we included morbidity/mortality that occurred during the year post baseline hospitalisation.…”

The role of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) as biological constituent linking depression and cardiovascular disease

“…Additionally, in chronic heart failure somatic symptoms of depression are associated with all-cause mortality, while cognitive symptoms of depression are not (Schiffer et al, 2009). In accordance, a very recent meta-analysis, including more than 11,000 subjects, showed that in fully adjusted analyses only somatic/affective symptoms are significantly associated with adverse prognosis (de Miranda Azevedo et al, 2014).…”