Cognitive and affective assessment in day care versus institutionalized elderly patients: a 1-year longitudinal study

Maseda, Ana; Balo, Aránzazu; Lorenzo-López, Laura; Lodeiro-Fernández, Leire; Rodríguez-Villamil, José Luis; Millán-Calentí, José Carlos

doi:10.2147/cia.s63084

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“… 41 These authors demonstrated, after following participants for 22 years, that after controlling for numerous potential confounders, nursing home placement was significantly associated with a lower score on the MMSE and further cognitive decline, when comparing scores before and after institutionalization. Regarding language abilities, a previous report 42 demonstrated that naming function was maintained among day-care patients in comparison to institutionalized patients, who displayed reduced performance at follow-up. Similar tendencies of cognitive decline were described in Brazilian samples of institutionalized persons 43 , 44 without regular activities, who had lower scores on the MMSE 43 or the MMSE and Boston naming test when compared with institutionalized active and noninstitutionalized groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Beneficial effects of multisensory and cognitive stimulation in institutionalized elderly: 12-months follow-up

Macedo¹,

Oliveira²,

Soares³

et al. 2015

CIA

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We previously demonstrated the beneficial effects of a multisensory and cognitive stimulation program, consisting of 48 sessions, twice a week, to improve the cognition of elderly subjects living either in long-term care institutions (institutionalized – I) or in communities with their families (noninstitutionalized – NI). In the present study, we evaluated these subjects after the end of the intervention and compared the rate of age-related cognitive decline of those living in an enriched community environment (NI group, n=15, 74.1±3.9 years old) with those living in the impoverished environment of long-term care institutions (I group, n=20, 75.1±6.8 years old). Both groups participated fully in our stimulation program. Over 1 year, we conducted revaluations at five time points (2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 8 months, and 12 months) after the completion of the intervention. Both elderly groups were evaluated with the mini-mental state examination and selected language tests. Progressive cognitive decline was observed in both groups over the period. Indeed, it took only 4–6 months after the end of the stimulation program for significant reductions in language test scores to become apparent. However, earlier reductions in test scores were mainly associated with I group, and linguistic prosody test scores were significantly affected by institutionalization and time, two variables that interacted and reduced these scores. Moreover, I group reduced the Montréal cognitive assessment battery language tests scores 4 months before NI group. It remains to be investigated what mechanisms may explain the earlier and more intense language losses in institutionalized elderly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Beneficial effects of multisensory and cognitive stimulation in institutionalized elderly: 12-months follow-up

Macedo¹,

Oliveira²,

Soares³

et al. 2015

CIA

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“…Consistent with this view, the decline in memory that is associated with normal or pathological aging appears to be aggravated after institutionalization [ 10 , 11 ]. Institutionalization is often associated with a standard-like environment with reduced sensory-motor and cognitive stimulation, social interactions, and physical activity, which contribute to a sedentary lifestyle [ 4 , 5 , 10 , 12 ]. Similarly, it has been demonstrated that aged mice and rats, maintained in the standard environment of standard laboratory cages, perform worse in learning and memory tasks than those living in an enriched environment [ 13 – 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age, environment, object recognition and morphological diversity of GFAP-immunolabeled astrocytes

et al. 2016

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BackgroundFew studies have explored the glial response to a standard environment and how the response may be associated with age-related cognitive decline in learning and memory. Here we investigated aging and environmental influences on hippocampal-dependent tasks and on the morphology of an unbiased selected population of astrocytes from the molecular layer of dentate gyrus, which is the main target of perforant pathway.ResultsSix and twenty-month-old female, albino Swiss mice were housed, from weaning, in a standard or enriched environment, including running wheels for exercise and tested for object recognition and contextual memories. Young adult and aged subjects, independent of environment, were able to distinguish familiar from novel objects. All experimental groups, except aged mice from standard environment, distinguish stationary from displaced objects. Young adult but not aged mice, independent of environment, were able to distinguish older from recent objects. Only young mice from an enriched environment were able to distinguish novel from familiar contexts. Unbiased selected astrocytes from the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus were reconstructed in three-dimensions and classified using hierarchical cluster analysis of bimodal or multimodal morphological features. We found two morphological phenotypes of astrocytes and we designated type I the astrocytes that exhibited significantly higher values of morphological complexity as compared with type II. Complexity = [Sum of the terminal orders + Number of terminals] × [Total branch length/Number of primary branches]. On average, type I morphological complexity seems to be much more sensitive to age and environmental influences than that of type II. Indeed, aging and environmental impoverishment interact and reduce the morphological complexity of type I astrocytes at a point that they could not be distinguished anymore from type II.ConclusionsWe suggest these two types of astrocytes may have different physiological roles and that the detrimental effects of aging on memory in mice from a standard environment may be associated with a reduction of astrocytes morphological diversity.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12993-016-0111-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…A year later, when cognitive function was evaluated using the MMSE and Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) in a follow-up study, both groups showed similar cognitive decline, but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. 24 A study in Brazil studied whether living in a specific environment, such as special housing and general housing, had a significant effect on the cognitive function of the elderly people. analyzed the effect of long-term residence on cognitive function in a non-profit shelter (ELSI) for the elderly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long-term residents of shelters, special shelters, day care facilities, nursing homes, and non-profit shelters for the elderly were particularly vulnerable. 21,23,24 It was reported that this occurs due to various factors, such as the effect of natural aging, lack of cognitive stimulation, and individual characteristics. However, a study when looking at the cognitive changes of new and existing residents in additional sheltered villages, both groups showed improvement in cognitive function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Physical Environment on the Cognitive Function of the Elderly: A Scoping Review of Cohort Studies

Kim

Lee

Park

et al. 2021

Home Health Care Management & Practice

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This review examined whether the physical environment can change the cognitive function of the elderly and categorized the specific environmental types. Four databases, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and PsycINFO, were searched for relevant literature published as of December 2020. The framework used was proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, which includes a 5-stage review process. A total of 12 studies were examined. The physical environments with similar characteristics, among all the environmental elements, were grouped together into 4 categories: residential density and road connectivity, limited living space, urban/rural, and care facilities. Residential density and road connectivity, limited living space, and care facilities were found to have a significant effect on the cognitive function of the elderly. However, there was no significant effect on the cognitive function of the elderly when comparing the urban and rural environments. Although studies on environments that affect the cognitive function of the elderly are still ongoing, the ones analyzing specific environments in detail are insufficient. With the increasing importance of the role played by the environment in the cognitive impairment of the elderly, detailed studies on specific environments among the various environmental factors surrounding the elderly, such as this study, should be conducted more actively.

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Cognitive and affective assessment in day care versus institutionalized elderly patients: a 1-year longitudinal study

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Beneficial effects of multisensory and cognitive stimulation in institutionalized elderly: 12-months follow-up

Beneficial effects of multisensory and cognitive stimulation in institutionalized elderly: 12-months follow-up

Age, environment, object recognition and morphological diversity of GFAP-immunolabeled astrocytes

The Impact of Physical Environment on the Cognitive Function of the Elderly: A Scoping Review of Cohort Studies

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