Cognitive and biological determinants of P300: an integrative review

Polich, John; Kok, Albert

doi:10.1016/0301-0511(95)05130-9

Cited by 1,437 publications

(957 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…These studies have frequently identified a target-selective parietal positive component, the P300 (Polich, 2007;Polich and Kok, 1995). Although the latency of our target-selective potential is similar to that of the typical P300 (250-500 ms) the scalp polarity is negative and the potential peaks at rather lateral sites.…”

Section: Relationship To Previous Event-related Potential (Erp) Studiesmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…2c). This relatively negative and bilateral occipital distributed differential activity on correctly detected targets differs from the widely study P300 ERP component which is positive and peaks at parietal electrodes (Polich and Kok, 1995). In order to recover the brain regions responsible for the effects seen at the electrodes, we estimated the cortical current density distribution for each subject using a distributed inverse method.…”

Section: Stimulus-locked Evoked Responses In Visual Cortexmentioning

confidence: 94%

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The time course of shape discrimination in the human brain

et al. 2013

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The lateral occipital cortex (LOC) activates selectively to images of intact objects versus scrambled controls, is selective for the figure-ground relationship of a scene, and exhibits at least some degree of invariance for size and position. Because of these attributes, it is considered to be a crucial part of the object recognition pathway. Here we show that human LOC is critically involved in perceptual decisions about object shape. High-density EEG was recorded while subjects performed a threshold-level shape discrimination task on texture-defined figures segmented by either phase or orientation cues. The appearance or disappearance of a figure region from a uniform background generated robust visual evoked potentials throughout retinotopic cortex as determined by inverse modeling of the scalp voltage distribution. Contrasting responses from trials containing shape changes that were correctly detected (hits) with trials in which no change occurred (correct rejects) revealed stimulus-locked, target-selective activity in the occipital visual areas LOC and V4 preceding the subject's response. Activity that was locked to the subjects' reaction time was present in the LOC. Response-locked activity in the LOC was determined to be related to shape discrimination for several reasons: shape-selective responses were silenced when subjects viewed identical stimuli but their attention was directed away from the shapes to a demanding letter discrimination task; shape-selectivity was present across four different stimulus configurations used to define the figure; LOC responses correlated with participants' reaction times. These results indicate that decision-related activity is present in the LOC when subjects are engaged in threshold-level shape discriminations.

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Section: Relationship To Previous Event-related Potential (Erp) Studiesmentioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Stimulus-locked Evoked Responses In Visual Cortexmentioning

confidence: 94%

The time course of shape discrimination in the human brain

et al. 2013

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“…However, the precise mechanism underlying this effect is not yet well understood. The P3 has been associated with motivation (Carrillo-de-la-Pena & Cadaveira, 2000), attention (Squires & Ollo, 1999) and arousal (Polich & Kok, 1995) which are in turn associated with reward processing in healthy individuals (Ressler, 2004). Similarly, patients with major depressive disorder (Bruder, et al, 1995), schizophrenia (Javitt, Doneshka, Grochowski, & Ritter, 1995), alcoholism (Porjesz, Begleiter, Bihari, & Kissin, 1987) or family history of alcoholism (Ramsey & Finn, 1997), disorders affecting reward processing but also motivation, attention, and arousal, show decreased P3 amplitude to cognitive and emotional targets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of graded monetary reward on cognitive event-related potentials and behavior in young healthy adults

Goldstein

Cottone

Jia

et al. 2006

International Journal of Psychophysiology

130

132

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Temporal correlates of the brain circuit underlying reward processing in healthy adults remain unclear. The current study investigated the P3 and contingent negative variation (CNV) as putative reward-related temporal markers. The effect of sustained monetary reward on these event-related potentials and on behavior was assessed using a warned reaction-time paradigm in 16 young healthy subjects. Monetary reward (0, 1 and 45 cents) varied across blocks of trials. While the CNV was unaffected by money, P3 amplitude was significantly larger for 45 than the 1 and 0 cent conditions. This effect corresponded to the monotonically positive subjective ratings of interest and excitement on the task (45>1>0). These findings suggest a difference between the P3 and CNV; the P3 is sensitive to the sustained effect of relative reward value while the CNV does not vary with reward magnitude. DESCRIPTOR TERMS

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“…Two ERP components, the FRN and the P3, were chosen as the ERP measures of feedback processing (Donchin, Ritter, & McCallum, 1978; Gehring & Willoughby, 2002; Miltner, Braun, & Coles, 1997; Polich & Kok, 1995). The FRN is a medial frontal negativity that appears approximately 200–300 ms following feedback presentation, which is larger following monetary losses than gains (Gehring & Willoughby, 2002; Walsh & Anderson, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valence and magnitude ambiguity in feedback processing

Xue

Broster

et al. 2017

Brain and Behavior

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BackgroundOutcome feedback which indicates behavioral consequences are crucial for reinforcement learning and environmental adaptation. Nevertheless, outcome information in daily life is often totally or partially ambiguous. Studying how people interpret this kind of information would provide important knowledge about the human evaluative system.MethodsThis study concentrates on the neural processing of partially ambiguous feedback, that is, either its valence or magnitude is unknown to participants. To address this topic, we sequentially presented valence and magnitude information; electroencephalography (EEG) response to each kind of presentation was recorded and analyzed. The event‐related potential components feedback‐related negativity (FRN) and P3 were used as indices of neural activity.ResultsConsistent with previous literature, the FRN elicited by ambiguous valence was not significantly different from that elicited by negative valence. On the other hand, the FRN elicited by ambiguous magnitude was larger than both the large and small magnitude, indicating the motivation to seek unambiguous magnitude information. The P3 elicited by ambiguous valence and ambiguous magnitude was not significantly different from that elicited by negative valence and small magnitude, respectively, indicating the emotional significance of feedback ambiguity. Finally, the aforementioned effects also manifested in the stage of information integration.ConclusionThese findings indicate both similarities and discrepancies between the processing of valence ambiguity and that of magnitude ambiguity, which may help understand the mechanisms of ambiguous information processing.

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Cognitive and biological determinants of P300: an integrative review

Cited by 1,437 publications

References 187 publications

The time course of shape discrimination in the human brain

The time course of shape discrimination in the human brain

The effect of graded monetary reward on cognitive event-related potentials and behavior in young healthy adults

Valence and magnitude ambiguity in feedback processing

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