Cognitive and Psychological Outcomes Following Pediatric Cardiac Arrest

Abstract

Cardiac arrest is a rare event in children and adolescents. Those who survive may experience a range of outcomes, from good functional recovery to severe and permanent disability. Many children experience long-term cognitive impairment, including deficits in attention, language, memory, and executive functioning. Deficits in adaptive behavior, such as motor functioning, communication, and daily living skills, have also been reported. These children have a wide range of neurological outcomes, with some experiencing specific deficits such as aphasia, apraxia, and sensorimotor deficits. Some children may experience emotional and psychological difficulties, although many do not, and more research is needed in this area. The burden of pediatric cardiac arrest on the child's family and caregivers can be substantial. This narrative review summarizes current research regarding the cognitive and psychological outcomes following pediatric cardiac arrest, identifies areas for future research, and discusses the needs of these children for rehabilitation services and academic accommodations.

Ischemia-Reperfusion Programming of Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Genes—A New Perspective on Brain Neurodegeneration after Cardiac Arrest

“…Ischemia causes damage to the temporal cortex, which is the target area of the main axon output network from the hippocampus, so these areas are structurally and functionally related to each other and are important for learning and memory processes [13,49,50]. Thus, existing evidence indicates that cognitive and functional impairment after cardiac arrest is one of the important areas of concern for physicians [61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. The primary goal of research in the past was to improve survival after cardiac arrest.…”

Reviving Hope: A Comprehensive Review of Post-resuscitation Care in Pediatric ICUs After Cardiac Arrest

“…The GOS evaluates overall outcomes, while the PCPC specifically focuses on neurological performance. These assessments provide healthcare providers with a comprehensive understanding of the impact of cardiac arrest on neurological function and guide interventions to support optimal recovery [ 77 ].…”