Cognitive-behavioral treatment of functional somatic syndromes: Integrating gender issues

Toner, Brenda B.

doi:10.1016/s1077-7229(05)80091-4

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…While the vast majority of respondents were female, the sample re ects the gender bias evident in IBS (Toner, 1994) (though whether the gender bias is a result of help-seeking behaviour or symptom presentation remains to be resolved). While the vast majority of respondents were female, the sample re ects the gender bias evident in IBS (Toner, 1994) (though whether the gender bias is a result of help-seeking behaviour or symptom presentation remains to be resolved).…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 98%

Illness representation, coping and outcome in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Rutter

2002

British J Health Psychol

149

123

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OBJECTIVE: Irritable bowel syndrome has no observable symptom markers and there is little that the medical profession can do to help sufferers. Psychotherapy, antidepressants and drugs aimed at the most problematic symptoms have been shown to have limited efficacy. In an attempt to help understand the illness better, and to suggest alternative forms of intervention, the study tested whether outcome might be influenced by patients' representation of their illness and by their coping strategies. METHOD: All members of the IBS Network (an independent charitable support network based in the UK) were invited to participate via their quarterly newsletter, and 209 completed questionnaires were returned. Participants completed the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ), the COPE, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and rated their quality of life and their satisfaction with their health. RESULTS: The reporting of serious consequences was associated with lower quality of life and lower satisfaction with health, and with higher scores for anxiety and depression (p <.001). Weaker control beliefs were related to lower quality of life, lower satisfaction with health, and higher depression scores (p <.01). Lower illness scores were associated with more satisfaction with health (p <.01), but not with quality of life (p >.05). Psychological causal attribution of IBS was positively correlated with anxiety (p <.001) and depression (p <.01). Path analyses based on multiple linear regression demonstrated that (1) the reporting of serious consequences was a strong independent predictor of outcome; (2) coping mediated the link between representation and outcome; and (3) when predicting depression, coping strategies predicted coping independently of representation dimensions. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that the illness representations of IBS sufferers can have significant implications for outcome. Therapeutic interventions based on illness representations may prove useful for treatment.

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Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 98%

Illness representation, coping and outcome in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Rutter

2002

British J Health Psychol

149

123

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“…There has only been a limited discussion of the role of sex-related issues in IBS psychological treatment. Toner (1994), in a discussion of cognitive behavior therapy for IBS, recommends attention to sex-related-specific themes of possible sexual and physical abuse, gender role socialization, gender role conflict, public embarrassment and humiliation (related to gastrointestinal symptoms such as belching, gas, frequent trips to the bathroom, and soiling), perfectionist views of bodily function, and balancing personal vs. supportive roles. To this point however none of the psychological treatment trials has addressed differential outcome based on gender.…”

Section: Sex-based Differences In Ibs Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐based differences in gastrointestinal pain

Mayer

Berman

Chang

et al. 2004

European Journal of Pain

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Recent interest has focused on sex-related differences in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) physiology and treatment responsiveness to novel pharmacologic therapies. Similar to a variety of other chronic pain conditions and certain affective disorders, IBS is more prevalent amongst women, both in population-based studies as well as in clinic-based surveys. Non-painful gastrointestinal symptoms, constipation and somatic discomfort are more commonly reported by female IBS patients. While perceptual differences to rectosigmoid stimulation are only observed following repeated noxious stimulation of the gut, sex-related differences in certain sympathetic nervous system (SNS) responses to rectosigmoid stimulation are consistently seen. Consistent with experimental findings in animals, current evidence is consistent with a pathophysiological model which emphasizes sex-related differences in autonomic and antinociceptive responses to certain visceral stimuli.

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“…It is plausible that the degree to which a woman has internalized certain gender role messages will influence not only her mental health but also the way in which she experiences the key roles-that of paid worker, wife, and mother-in her life. The expression of mental health problems that are more prevalent in women than men has been linked to gender roles and gender role internalization (Ali & Toner, 1996;Streigel-Moore, 1995;Toner, 1994;Toner & Akman, 2000). Therefore, we hypothesized that the greater the extent to which women have internalized gender role messages, the greater the psychological distress.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Role Internalization, Multiple Roles, and Chinese Women's Mental Health

Tang

2001

Psychology of Women Quarterly

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The influence of gender role internalization as a moderator in the relationship between women's multiple roles and psychological distress was investigated. Study 1 identified three components of gender role internalization, which were labeled "Traditional Ideal Person," "Self-Sacrifice," and "Competence Without Complaint," and found that it did not, overlap with existing gender-typed measures among 128 female Chinese university students. The multidimensionality of gender role internalization was confirmed in Study 2 among a sample of 225 women in the paid Hong Kong workforce. As expected, role quality was a better predictor of psychological distress than role quantity. Gender role internalization accounted for significant portions of explained variance even after taking role quality into account. Internalization of Traditional Ideal Person and Competence Without Complaint messages exacerbated distress in certain areas when role quality was low. However, internalization of Self-Sacrifice messages mitigated distress for Chinese women with low work quality.

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Cognitive-behavioral treatment of functional somatic syndromes: Integrating gender issues

Cited by 36 publications

References 65 publications

Illness representation, coping and outcome in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Illness representation, coping and outcome in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Sex‐based differences in gastrointestinal pain

Gender Role Internalization, Multiple Roles, and Chinese Women's Mental Health

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