Cognitive Challenge to Choose Healthier Food Is Reflected in Heart Rate Variability

Haghshomar, Maryam; Rahmani, Farzaneh

doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00353

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Characterizing the flow, however, is easier than determining its driver. Although arterial pulsation has long been considered as a possible driving mechanism for the bulk flow ( Bilston et al, 2003 ; Hadaczek et al, 2006 ; Wang and Olbricht, 2011 ; Iliff et al, 2013 ; Thomas, 2019 ; Daversin-Catty et al, 2020 ), that notion remains controversial ( Diem et al, 2017 ; Kedarasetti et al, 2020a ; van Veluw et al, 2020 ), and other mechanisms are possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk flow of cerebrospinal fluid observed in periarterial spaces is not an artifact of injection

Raghunandan

Ladrón-de-Guevara

Tithof

et al. 2021

eLife

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flowing through periarterial spaces is integral to the brain's mechanism for clearing metabolic waste products. Experiments that track tracer particles injected into the cisterna magna of mouse brains have shown evidence of pulsatile CSF flow in perivascular spaces surrounding pial arteries, with a bulk flow in the same direction as blood flow. However, the driving mechanism remains elusive. Several studies have suggested that the bulk flow might be an artifact, driven by the injection itself. Here, we address this hypothesis with new in vivo experiments where tracer particles are injected into the cisterna magna using a dual-syringe system, with simultaneous injection and withdrawal of equal amounts of fluid. This method produces no net increase in CSF volume and no significant increase in intracranial pressure. Yet, particle-tracking reveals flows that are consistent in all respects with the flows observed in earlier experiments with single-syringe injection.

show abstract