Cognitive component of psychomotor retardation in unipolar and bipolar depression: <scp>I</scp>s verbal fluency a relevant marker? Impact of repetitive transcranial stimulation

Thomas-Ollivier, Véronique; Foyer, Emmanuelle; Bulteau, Samuel; Pichot, Anne; Valrivière, Pierre; Sauvaget, Anne; Deschamps, Thibault

doi:10.1111/pcn.12529

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Another distinctive feature was that fluency of imagined movements, as those of actual movement, was poorer in depressed patients, whereas controls acted equally well in both tasks. Our observation corresponds with previously described psychomotor deficits in unipolar depression ( Bennabi et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Liberg and Rahm, 2015 ; Thomas-Ollivier et al, 2017 ) and could be related to functional and structural changes within specialized brain circuits, associated with negative affect, cognitive and motor control, and action representation ( Schrijvers et al, 2008 ; Walther et al, 2012 ; Liberg et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Combination of different experimental techniques for measuring PMR with conventional clinical assessments by subjective observer-rated scales or by single items in specific depression rating scales could offer an increased understanding of PMR in depression. In this respect, a more quantitative assessment of PMR through objective measures may be useful to capture the negative impact of past depressive episodes, optimize the personalized treatment selection, and improve the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying different depressive subtypes of depression ( Bennabi et al, 2013 ; Wallace et al, 2013 ; Liberg and Rahm, 2015 ; Thomas-Ollivier et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posture-Motor and Posture-Ideomotor Dual-Tasking: A Putative Marker of Psychomotor Retardation and Depressive Rumination in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Aftanas

Bazanova

Novozhilova

2018

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that the assessment of postural performance may be a potentially reliable and objective marker of the psychomotor retardation (PMR) in the major depressive disorder (MDD). One of the important facets of MDD-related PMR is reflected in disrupted central mechanisms of psychomotor control, heavily influenced by compelling maladaptive depressive rumination. In view of this we designed a research paradigm that included sequential execution of simple single-posture task followed by more challenging divided attention posture tasks, involving concurring motor and ideomotor workloads. Another difficulty dimension assumed executing of all the tasks with eyes open (EO) (easy) and closed (EC) (difficult) conditions. We aimed at investigating the interplay between the severity of MDD, depressive rumination, and efficiency of postural performance.Methods: Compared with 24 age- and body mass index-matched healthy controls (HCs), 26 patients with MDD sequentially executed three experimental tasks: (1) single-posture task of maintaining a quiet stance (ST), (2) actual posture-motor dual task (AMT); and (3) mental/imaginary posture-motor dual task (MMT). All the tasks were performed in the EO and the EC conditions. The primary dependent variable was the amount of kinetic energy (E) expended for the center of pressure deviations (CoPDs), whereas the absolute divided attention cost index showed energy cost to the dual-tasking vs. the single-posture task according to the formula: ΔE = (EDual-task - ESingle-task).Results: The signs of PMR in the MDD group were objectively indexed by deficient posture control in the EC condition along with overall slowness of fine motor and ideomotor activity. Another important and probably more challenging feature of the findings was that the posture deficit manifested in the ST condition was substantially and significantly attenuated in the MMT and AMT performance dual-tasking activity. A multiple linear regression analysis evidenced further that the dual-tasking energy cost (i.e., ΔE) significantly predicted clinical scores of severity of MDD and depressive rumination.Conclusion: The findings allow to suggest that execution of concurrent actual or imaginary fine motor task with closed visual input deallocates attentional resources from compelling maladaptive depressive rumination thereby attenuating severity of absolute dual-tasking energy costs for balance maintenance in patients with MDD.Significance: Quantitative assessment of PMR through measures of the postural performance in dual-tasking may be useful to capture the negative impact of past depressive episodes, optimize the personalized treatment selection, and improve the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying MDD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posture-Motor and Posture-Ideomotor Dual-Tasking: A Putative Marker of Psychomotor Retardation and Depressive Rumination in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Aftanas

Bazanova

Novozhilova

2018

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…The other variables measured (age, severity of depression, and age of onset) do not differ in UD (n=54) and BD (n=20) patients (Table 1). These results are in accordance with studies focusing on the level of daily physical activity, the gross movement dexterity [9], the verbal fluency performance [16] as well as cognitive skills associated with PMR such as attention, and executive functions [17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Combined Measures of Psychomotor and Cognitive Alterations as a Potential Hallmark for Bipolar Depression

Robin¹,

Sauvaget²,

Deschamps³

et al. 2019

Psychiatry Investig

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ObjectiveThe current study aimed to examine whether specific features of psychomotor retardation (PMR) and cognitive functioning established different profiles in unipolar (UD) and bipolar depression (BD). MethodsTwo groups of age-matched patients with UD (n=54) and BD (n=20) completed the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS/60), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA/30), and the Salpêtrière Retardation Rating Scale (SRRS/60). We analyzed the group effect and then performed intra-group analyses. ResultsThe BD patients have higher SRRS score, and lower MoCA score than UD despite no difference on the level of depression between UD and BD. Our results show that PMR can be predicted by the level of depression in UD and by the cognitive alteration and onset of disease in BD. ConclusionPMR is a relevant marker of depression. Our results highlight the importance of concomitant evaluation of psychomotor and cognitive functions in the distinction of UD and BD symptoms.

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“…We observed that CUS caused a reduction in locomotor activity (evaluated by the number of crossings), a behavioral alteration already reported in different animal models of anxiety [36,52,53]. Psychomotor retardation is an important symptom of generalized anxiety disorder [54][55][56]. Other important parameters measured in the open field test and relevant for anxiety were rearing and grooming behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Anxiolytic Effect of Carvedilol in Chronic Unpredictable Stress Model

Sousa

Medeiros

Vasconcelos

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders being also a comorbid state of other diseases. We aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic-like effects of carvedilol (CVD), a drug used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure with potent antioxidant effects, in animals exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). To do this, female Swiss mice were exposed to different stressors for 21 days. Between days 15 and 21, the animals received oral CVD (5 or 10 mg/kg) or the antidepressant desvenlafaxine (DVS 10 mg/kg). On the 22nd day, behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate locomotor activity (open field) and anxiety-like alterations (elevated plus-maze—EPM and hole board—HB tests). After behavioral determinations, the animals were euthanized, and the adrenal gland, blood and brain areas, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampus were removed for biochemical analysis. CUS reduced the crossings while increased rearing and grooming, an effect reversed by both doses of CVD and DVS. CUS decreased the number of entries and permanence time in the open arms of the EPM, while all treatments reversed this effect. CUS reduced the number of head dips in the HB, an effect reversed by CVD. The CUS reduced weight gain, while only CVD5 reversed this effect. A reduction in the cortical layer size of the adrenal gland was observed in stressed animals, which CVD reversed. Increased myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), as well as reduction of interleukin-4 (IL-4) induced by CUS, were reversed by CVD. DVS and CVD increased IL-6 in both brain areas. In the hippocampus, DVS caused an increase in IFN-γ. Our data show that CVD presents an anxiolytic effect partially associated with immune-inflammatory mechanism regulation.

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Cognitive component of psychomotor retardation in unipolar and bipolar depression: Is verbal fluency a relevant marker? Impact of repetitive transcranial stimulation

Cited by 21 publications

References 69 publications

Posture-Motor and Posture-Ideomotor Dual-Tasking: A Putative Marker of Psychomotor Retardation and Depressive Rumination in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Posture-Motor and Posture-Ideomotor Dual-Tasking: A Putative Marker of Psychomotor Retardation and Depressive Rumination in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Combined Measures of Psychomotor and Cognitive Alterations as a Potential Hallmark for Bipolar Depression

Anxiolytic Effect of Carvedilol in Chronic Unpredictable Stress Model

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