Cognitive control of movement in down syndrome

Brunamonti, Emiliano; Pani, Pierpaolo; Papazachariadis, Odysseas; Onorati, Paolo; Albertini, G.; Ferraina, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2011.03.008

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…An unexpected finding of this study was the delayed decisionmaking observed in Dp1Tyb mice with preserved memory function. Similar behavioral differences have also been found in humans with DS, who exhibit markedly slower reaction times (Brunamonti et al, 2011;Inui et al, 1995;Vicari et al, 2000). This impairment has been attributed to deficits in executive function that involve information processing, attention, and inhibition (Grieco et al, 2015;Rowe et al, 2006), resulting in difficulty prioritizing, staying engaged with a task, and consistently responding in the same manner to certain situations (Costanzo et al, 2013;Rowe et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Altered Hippocampal-Prefrontal Neural Dynamics in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Graphical Abstract Highlights d Study of behavior and EEG in three partially trisomic mouse models of Down syndrome (DS) d These mutant mice show non-overlapping differences in spatial working memory function d Behavioral changes segregate with distinct EEG abnormalities in the hippocampus and mPFC d This links cognitive deficits to specific changes in hippocampal and mPFC circuit dynamics SUMMARYAltered neural dynamics in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus may contribute to cognitive impairments in the complex chromosomal disorder Down syndrome (DS). Here, we demonstrate non-overlapping behavioral differences associated with distinct abnormalities in hippocampal and mPFC electrophysiology during a canonical spatial working memory task in three partially trisomic mouse models of DS (Dp1Tyb, Dp10Yey, and Dp17Yey) that together cover all regions of homology with human chromosome 21 (Hsa21). Dp1Tyb mice show slower decision-making (unrelated to the gene dose of DYRK1A, which has been implicated in DS cognitive dysfunction) and altered theta dynamics (reduced frequency, increased hippocampal-mPFC coherence, and increased modulation of hippocampal high gamma); Dp10Yey mice show impaired alternation performance and reduced theta modulation of hippocampal low gamma; and Dp17Yey mice are not significantly different from the wild type. These results link specific hippocampal and mPFC circuit dysfunctions to cognitive deficits in DS models and, importantly, map them to discrete regions of Hsa21.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Altered Hippocampal-Prefrontal Neural Dynamics in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome

et al. 2020

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“…It is a significant function in cognitive control that is impaired in many psychiatric diseases and genetic syndromes (Aron, 2011; Brunamonti et al, 2011; Takkar et al, 2011; Pani et al, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha- and beta-band oscillations subserve different processes in reactive control of limb movements

Pani

Bello

Brunamonti

et al. 2014

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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The capacity to rapidly suppress a behavioral act in response to sudden instruction to stop is a key cognitive function. This function, called reactive control, is tested in experimental settings using the stop signal task, which requires subjects to generate a movement in response to a go signal or suppress it when a stop signal appears. The ability to inhibit this movement fluctuates over time: sometimes, subjects can stop their response, and at other times, they can not. To determine the neural basis of this fluctuation, we recorded local field potentials (LFPs) in the alpha (6–12 Hz) and beta (13–35 Hz) bands from the dorsal premotor cortex of two nonhuman primates that were performing the task. The ability to countermand a movement after a stop signal was predicted by the activity of both bands, each purportedly representing a distinct neural process. The beta band represents the level of movement preparation; higher beta power corresponds to a lower level of movement preparation, whereas the alpha band supports a proper phasic, reactive inhibitory response: movements are inhibited when alpha band power increases immediately after a stop signal. Our findings support the function of LFP bands in generating the signatures of various neural computations that are multiplexed in the brain.

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“…Specific deficits of the nervous system in DS individuals affect learning, memory, language, and movement [5–8]. These deficits are associated to alterations in volume, in grey matter density and altered neuronal circuits of different regions of the brain [9–13]. DS typically results from the presence of three complete copies of human chromosome 21 (trisomy 21, T21) [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Cellular Alterations in Down Syndrome: Toward the Identification of Targets for Therapeutics

Créau

2012

Neural Plasticity

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Down syndrome is a complex disease that has challenged molecular and cellular research for more than 50 years. Understanding the molecular bases of morphological, cellular, and functional alterations resulting from the presence of an additional complete chromosome 21 would aid in targeting specific genes and pathways for rescuing some phenotypes. Recently, progress has been made by characterization of brain alterations in mouse models of Down syndrome. This review will highlight the main molecular and cellular findings recently described for these models, particularly with respect to their relationship to Down syndrome phenotypes.

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Cognitive control of movement in down syndrome

Cited by 34 publications

References 36 publications

Altered Hippocampal-Prefrontal Neural Dynamics in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome

Altered Hippocampal-Prefrontal Neural Dynamics in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome

Alpha- and beta-band oscillations subserve different processes in reactive control of limb movements

Molecular and Cellular Alterations in Down Syndrome: Toward the Identification of Targets for Therapeutics

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