Cognitive decline in mid-life: Changes in memory and cognition related to hypothyroidism

Stern, Mark J.; Finch, Alyse; Haskard‐Zolnierek, Kelly B.; Howard, Krista; Deason, Rebecca G.

doi:10.1177/13591053221107745

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition, it is unclear why hippocampal neurons are affected in hypothyroidism. A large-scale study [ 77 ] showed that patients with hypothyroidism had a higher risk of memory impairment and also had a more than three-fold increase in the dementia risk. Several studies have reported an association between thyroid disorders and AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Monocarboxylate Transporters in Brain and Choroid Plexus Epithelium

Ueno,

Chiba,

Murakami

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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The choroid plexus (CP) plays central roles in regulating the microenvironment of the central nervous system by secreting the majority of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and controlling its composition. A monolayer of epithelial cells of CP plays a significant role in forming the blood–CSF barrier to restrict the movement of substances between the blood and ventricles. CP epithelial cells are equipped with transporters for glucose and lactate that are used as energy sources. There are many review papers on glucose transporters in CP epithelial cells. On the other hand, distribution of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in CP epithelial cells has received less attention compared with glucose transporters. Some MCTs are known to transport lactate, pyruvate, and ketone bodies, whereas others transport thyroid hormones. Since CP epithelial cells have significant carrier functions as well as the barrier function, a decline in the expression and function of these transporters leads to a poor supply of thyroid hormones as well as lactate and can contribute to the process of age-associated brain impairment and pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review paper, recent findings regarding the distribution and significance of MCTs in the brain, especially in CP epithelial cells, are summarized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Monocarboxylate Transporters in Brain and Choroid Plexus Epithelium

Ueno,

Chiba,

Murakami

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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“…Proposed contributors include intermittent or chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, polypharmacy, cachexia, and protein energy undernutrition due to HF (Ampadu and Morley, 2015;van Nieuwkerk et al, 2023). Memory is a fundamental cognitive process that is crucial for the well-being and survival of HF patients (Faulkner et al, 2022;Stern et al, 2023). However, memory deficits are common and significantly hinder effective self-care management in patients with HF (Toledo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of dietary patterns and perceived stress with memory deficits in patients with heart failure

Wang,

Yang

et al. 2024

J Health Psychol

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This study aimed to examine the relationships between dietary patterns and perceived stress with memory deficits in 291 patients with heart failure aged 45–85 years. A total of 142 (48.8%) patients reported memory deficit. Three dietary patterns were identified by K-means clustering: nut-fruit-dairy, meat-processed, and traditional (high intake of cereals) diets. Compared to the traditional diet, the nut-fruit-dairy diet and meat-processed diet were associated with lower levels of deficits in short-term memory, delayed memory, and overall memory. What’s more, perceived stress was positively associated with deficits in short-term memory and overall memory, but the association was only found in patients adhering to the traditional diet using stratified analyses. Our findings suggest that adhering to a healthy diet may be conducive to improving deficits in short-term memory, delayed memory, and overall memory, while also buffering the adverse association between perceived stress and deficits in short-term memory and overall memory.

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“…The role of the thyroid gland in the proper function of the adult brain becomes even more evident with significant epidemiological data showing that hypothyroidism frequently coexists with depression or dementia and the positive effect of thyroid hormone supplementation in patients with drug-resistant depression [ 6 , 7 ]. A large-scale study showed that individuals with hypothyroidism faced a higher risk of memory impairment (up to 81%), higher perceived stress, more than a 3-fold increase in dementia risk, higher rates of depression and anxiety, greater fatigue, poorer concentration, and less motivation [ 8 ]. Some rare cases of autoimmune thyroiditis could lead to Hashimoto’s encephalopathy, presented by nonspecific clinical manifestations rapidly leading to progressive dementia, reversed by corticosteroid therapy [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation of Hypothyroidism-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Modulating Serotonin Mediation

Bakalov

Iliev

Sabit

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Thyroid hormones play an important role in the modeling of neural networks in the brain. Besides its metabolic effects, thyroid dysfunction, and hypothyroidism in particular, is frequently associated with cognitive decline and depressive-like behavior. The current study aimed to examine the changes in behavior, cognition, and memory in rats with propylthiouracil-induced overt hypothyroidism. The behavior and cognition were assessed using the open field test, T-maze, and novel object recognition test. We found significant differences in the behavioral patterns of the hypothyroid animals showing a reduction in locomotor activity, frequency of rearing, and impaired memory function compared to the euthyroid controls. As serotonin is an essential biomarker regulating cognition and mood, we tried to modulate the serotonin mediation in hypothyroid animals through tryptophan administration. Treatment with 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5-OH-TRP) intraperitoneally for 10 days or directly into the hippocampus as a single injection led to attenuation of the hypothyroidism-induced cognitive and memory decline. A staggering amount of research is suggesting that the common denominators in the pathophysiology of depression and the behavior changes in hypothyroidism are the hippocampal complex and the distorted serotonin metabolism. In our study, it was observed a significant alleviation of cognitive impairment and an improvement of memory performance in hypothyroid rats after 5-OH-TRP administration. Current results are promising and may serve as groundwork for further investigation of functional and structural changes in the hippocampus during a hypothyroid state, and in particular, the effects of serotonin mediation in hypothyroid-associated depressive-like behavior.

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Cognitive decline in mid-life: Changes in memory and cognition related to hypothyroidism

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Distribution of Monocarboxylate Transporters in Brain and Choroid Plexus Epithelium

Distribution of Monocarboxylate Transporters in Brain and Choroid Plexus Epithelium

Associations of dietary patterns and perceived stress with memory deficits in patients with heart failure

Attenuation of Hypothyroidism-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Modulating Serotonin Mediation

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