Cognitive dissonance 1: An overview of the literature and its integration into theory and practice in clinical psychology

Draycott, Simon; Dabbs, Alan

doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1998.tb01390.x

Cited by 86 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our analyses suggest that motivational interviewing might highlight concerns (with the reduction in satisfaction between baseline and 12 months) but also facilitate the patients' perception that they had the capacity to make changes that in turn would lead to reduction in A1C. One possible theoretical explanation for these results could be taken from the work by Draycott and Dabbs (23,24), who mapped the principles of cognitive dissonance onto the principles and method of motivational interviewing. The method of motivational interviewing incorporates the principle of "deploying discrepancy" in which the patients' core values and personal aspirations are contrasted, through empathic listening, with the behavioral problem under discussion.…”

Section: Secondary Outcome Measures: Psychosocial Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Motivational Interviewing in Teenagers With Diabetes

et al. 2007

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OBJECTIVE -We sought to examine the efficacy of motivational interviewing with teenagers aged 14 -17 years with type 1 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -In a randomized controlled trial analyzed by intention to treat, 66 teenagers with type 1 diabetes attending diabetes clinics in South Wales, U.K., were randomly assigned to the intervention group (38) and control group (28). Teenagers in the intervention group received motivational interviewing, and the control group received support visits. All participants received individual sessions over 12 months. The main outcome measures assessed at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months were serum A1C and psychosocial selfreport questionnaires including quality of life and well-being measures.RESULTS -At 12 months, 60 patients had complete data. At the end of the intervention (12 months), the mean A1C in the motivational interviewing group was significantly lower than in the control group (P ϭ 0.04), after adjusting for baseline values. At 24 months (when n ϭ 47), this difference in A1C was maintained (P ϭ 0.003). There were differences in psychosocial variables at 12 months, with the motivational interviewing group indicating more positive well-being, improved quality of life, and differences in their personal models of illness (all P Ͻ 0.01). Some of these differences were maintained at 24 months.CONCLUSIONS -Motivational interviewing can be an effective method of facilitating behavioral changes in teenagers with type 1 diabetes with subsequent improvement in their glycemic control.

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Section: Secondary Outcome Measures: Psychosocial Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Motivational Interviewing in Teenagers With Diabetes

et al. 2007

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“…Theories can be quite elaborate, or relatively simple. Examples include the theory of reasoned action [41][42][43][44] ; theories of cognitive dissonance [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] ; stages of change [53][54][55] ; Roger's Diffusion of Innovation Theory 32 ; Social Cognitive Theory [56][57][58][59][60][61] ; and Social Influence Theory.…”

Section: Appendix: Defining Terms Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Models, Strategies, and Tools.

Sales

Smith²,

Curran

et al. 2006

J Gen Intern Med

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This paper presents a case for careful consideration of theory in planning to implement evidence‐based practices into clinical care. As described, theory should be tightly linked to strategic planning through careful choice or creation of an implementation framework. Strategies should be linked to specific interventions and/or intervention components to be implemented, and the choice of tools should match the interventions and overall strategy, linking back to the original theory and framework. The thesis advanced is that in most studies where there is an attempt to implement planned change in clinical processes, theory is used loosely. An example of linking theory to intervention design is presented from a Mental Health Quality Enhancement Research Initiative effort to increase appropriate use of antipsychotic medication among patients with schizophrenia in the Veterans Health Administration.

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“…This may indicate that patients treated with PCA experience the direct control of morphine administration to be more important than patients in the control group, despite similar pain intensity scores in the two groups. An alternative explanation for this finding may be ''post decision justification bias'' [21]. This is a cognitive adaptation mechanism by which patients justify the way they were managed.…”

Section: Side Effects and Adverse Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient‐controlled analgesia versus continuous infusion of morphine during vaso‐occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease, a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2007

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Intravenous morphine is the treatment of choice for severe pain during vaso‐ occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease (SCD). However, side effects of morphine may hamper effective treatment, and high plasma levels of morphine are associated with severe complications such as acute chest syndrome. Furthermore, adequate dosing remains a problem since no objective measurement of pain severity exists and analgesia should be titrated upon the patient's reported pain. Patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) may therefore be an interesting alternative since patients can titrate the level of analgesia themselves. In this randomized controlled study, the efficacy of intravenous morphine administration with PCA was compared with continuous infusion (CI) of morphine in patients with SCD during vaso‐occlusive crisis. Twenty five consecutive episodes of vaso‐occlusive crisis in 19 patients with SCD were included in the study. Patients in the PCA‐group had a markedly and significant lower mean and cumulative morphine consumption when compared with the patients in the CI‐group (0.5 mg/hr versus 2.4 mg/hr (P < 0.001) and 33 mg versus 260 mg (P = 0.018, respectively). The mean daily pain scores were comparable (4.9 versus 5.3). The lower mean and cumulative morphine consumption in the PCA‐group led to significant less nausea and constipation during treatment when compared with the CI‐group (area under the curve, respectively, 11 versus 18 (P = 0.045) and 30 versus 45 (P = 0.021). Furthermore, a nonsignificant reduction in the duration of hospital admission of 3 days was observed in the PCA‐group. PCA results in adequate pain relief at a much lower morphine consumption and should considered to be the first choice in morphine administration to sickle cell patients admitted with vaso‐occlusive crisis. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Cognitive dissonance 1: An overview of the literature and its integration into theory and practice in clinical psychology

Cited by 86 publications

References 30 publications

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Motivational Interviewing in Teenagers With Diabetes

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Motivational Interviewing in Teenagers With Diabetes

Models, Strategies, and Tools.

Patient‐controlled analgesia versus continuous infusion of morphine during vaso‐occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease, a randomized controlled trial

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