Cognitive dysfunction in melancholia

Abrams, Richard; Taylor, Michael Alan

doi:10.1017/s0033291700024909

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…21 ]. did not load in the 'age and cognition' factor; this suggests that the Benton may offer a neuropsychological marker of af fective disorder which is independent of cog nitive functioning and which may be related to a (not always) reversible right parietal dys function [46][47][48][49][50], Delusions, in turn, remain the hallmark of 'psychotic depression' and often accompany depressive pseudodementia [51]. The correlation between delusions and visuo-spatial impairment is also interesting in relation to the report that subjects who de velop psychotic depression may show a de cline in psychosocial competence up to 10 months before admission [52], Delusional dé pressives have also worse prognosis than nonpsychotic ones [53] and exhibit a higher rate of organic brain disease [54.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Cognitive Function in the Affective Disorders: A Prospective Study

Bulbena

Berríos

1993

Psychopathology

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A prospective, controlled study of 50 subjects confirmed claims that major depression or mania may cause temporary disorders of attention, memory, visuo-spatial function, and choice reaction time, and cause – independently of medication – the appearance of glabellar tap, positive hand-face test, nuchocephalic reflex, and graphesthesia. On follow-up, all these phenomena either disappeared or markedly improved. Age and age of onset, but not pre-morbid intelligence or history of ECT, seemed to modulate the severity of the cognitive impairment. Presence of delusions predicted poor (but reversible) visuo-spatial function. Cognitive impairment accompanied by reversible soft neurological signs was more marked but patients thus affected surprisingly showed lower depressive scores; this was interpreted as representing a secondary, ‘organic’ form of affective disorder (i.e. a behavioural phenocopy of depression) characterised by a reduced capacity to experience depressive symptoms and by little improvement at follow-up.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Cognitive Function in the Affective Disorders: A Prospective Study

Bulbena

Berríos

1993

Psychopathology

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“…A reduction in the distinctiveness of neural representations has also been reproduced in network models which perform similarly to older adults on associative memory tests. These simulate a deficiency in neuromodulation and reduction in neural signal-to-noise (Servan-Schreiber et al 1990; Li et al 2005); see also (Abrams and Taylor 1987; Rypma and D'Esposito 2000; Li et al 2001). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Encoding and Dopamine in the Aging Brain: A Psychopharmacological Neuroimaging Study

et al. 2009

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Normal aging brings with it changes in dopaminergic and memory functions. However, little is known about how these 2 changes are related. In this study, we identify a link between dopamine, episodic memory networks, and aging, using pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging. Young and older adults received a D2-like agonist (Bromocriptine, 1.25 mg), a D2-like antagonist (Sulpiride, 400 mg), and Placebo, in a double-blind crossover procedure. We observed group differences, during memory encoding, in medial temporal, frontal, and striatal regions and moreover, these regions were differentially sensitive across groups to dopaminergic perturbation. These findings suggest that brain systems underlying memory show age-related changes and that dopaminergic function may be key in understanding these changes. That these changes have behavioral consequences was suggested by the observation that drug modulations were most pronounced in older subjects with poorer recognition memory. Our findings provide direct evidence linking ageing, memory, and dopaminergic change.

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“…Bruder, Sutton, Berger-Gross, Quitkin and Davies (1981), who also find a positive effect, analyse a sample of 48. Amongst papers which find a negative association are Merrin (1984) using a sample of 52 individuals with schizophrenia, Muscovitch, Strauss and Olds (1981) who use a sample of patients with unipolar endogenous depression and Abrams and Taylor (1987) who analyse a sample of 67 depressive patients (with 42 normal controls). Overby (1994) and Elias, Saucier and Guylee (2001) are two non-clinical studies using samples of university students, with sample sizes of 110 and 541 respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handedness and depression: Evidence from a large population survey

Denny

2009

Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition

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Abstract:There is a considerable body of research arguing for an association between psychotic disorders and atypical brain lateralization -the latter usually being indicated by non-righthandedness. By contrast, there has been less attention given to a possible link between handedness and affective disorders and, unlike the case of psychosis, there is no obvious a priori biological reason for such a link. There are very studies of this in normal populations. This paper uses a new large population survey from twelve European countries to measure the association between handedness and depression. It is found that, using three different measures, left-handers are significantly more likely to have depressive symptoms that right-handers. For example left-handers are about 5% more likely to have reported having ever experienced symptoms of depression compared to about 27% of the total sample. There is no evidence that this effects differs between men and women.2

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Cognitive dysfunction in melancholia

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Cognitive Function in the Affective Disorders: A Prospective Study

Cognitive Function in the Affective Disorders: A Prospective Study

Memory Encoding and Dopamine in the Aging Brain: A Psychopharmacological Neuroimaging Study

Handedness and depression: Evidence from a large population survey

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