Cognitive effects of low dose of ionizing radiation – Lessons learned and research gaps from epidemiological and biological studies

Pasqual, Elisa; Boussin, François D.; Bazyka, Dimitry; Nordenskjöld, Arvid; Yamada, Michiko; Ozasa, Kotaro; Pazzaglia, Simonetta; Roy, Laurence; Thierry-Chef, Isabelle; Vathaire, Florent de; Benotmane, Mohammed Abderrafi; Cardis, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.106295

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…It appears very difficult to determine which part of mental health disorders is due to radiation directly, and which is due to the psychological consequence of having experienced such a disaster [ 90 ]. In a broader sense, when studying non-cancerous CNS diseases, such as cognitive disorders, many factors such as exposure time vulnerability, mechanism, and susceptibility factors are important to consider [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, most studies have investigated the impact of low-to-moderate IR doses (<0.5 Gy) on cognitive functions, when exposure occurred in utero or during childhood, but findings remain inconsistent, particularly in view of the large number of assessment tools and scales available to assess neurocognitive disorders [ 10 ]. In contrast, few studies have considered these outcomes when exposure occurred in adulthood [ 11 ]. It has been suggested that low-dose IR exposure during adulthood could enhance the incidence of certain neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease [ 12 ] and cerebrovascular diseases [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk of Developing Non-Cancerous Central Nervous System Diseases Due to Ionizing Radiation Exposure during Adulthood: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

et al. 2022

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Background: High-dose ionizing radiation (IR) (>0.5 Gy) is an established risk factor for cognitive impairments, but this cannot be concluded for low-to-moderate IR exposure (<0.5 Gy) in adulthood as study results are inconsistent. The objectives are to summarize relevant epidemiological studies of low-to-moderate IR exposure in adulthood and to assess the risk of non-cancerous CNS diseases. Methods: A systematic literature search of four electronic databases was performed to retrieve relevant epidemiological studies published from 2000 to 2022. Pooled standardized mortality ratios, relative risks, and excess relative risks (ERR) were estimated with a random effect model. Results: Forty-five publications were included in the systematic review, including thirty-three in the quantitative meta-analysis. The following sources of IR-exposure were considered: atomic bomb, occupational, environmental, and medical exposure. Increased dose-risk relationships were found for cerebrovascular diseases incidence and mortality (ERRpooled per 100 mGy = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.03–0.05; ERRpooled at 100 mGy = 0.01; 95% CI: −0.00–0.02, respectively) and for Parkinson’s disease (ERRpooled at 100 mGy = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.06–0.16); Conclusions: Our findings suggest that adult low-to-moderate IR exposure may have effects on non-cancerous CNS diseases. Further research addressing inherent variation issues is encouraged.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Developing Non-Cancerous Central Nervous System Diseases Due to Ionizing Radiation Exposure during Adulthood: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

et al. 2022

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“…Studies have shown that radiation-induced lymphocytopenia is associated with poor prognosis in solid tumors [ 41 ], such as cervical cancer [ 42 ] and non-small cell lung cancer [ 43 ]. Regarding the late on-set disorder, predominant health effects are cancer [ 44 – 46 ], non-cancer disease [ 47 , 48 ], and the genetic effect [ 49 – 51 ]. In addition, it should be noted that with the development of modern radiotherapy techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), patients receive a larger volume of low-dose radiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine Learning of Dose-Volume Histogram Parameters Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Cervical Cancer Treated with Definitive Radiotherapy

Yang

Liu

et al. 2022

Journal of Oncology

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Purpose. To analyze the effects of dosimetric parameters and clinical characteristics on overall survival (OS) by machine learning algorithms. Methods and Materials. 128 patients with cervical cancer were treated with definitive pelvic radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy followed by image-guided brachytherapy. The elastic-net models with integrating DVH parameters and baseline clinical factors, only DVH parameters and only baseline clinical factors were constructed in 5-folds cross-validations for 100 iteration bootstrapping, and then were compared using concordance index (C-index) criteria. Finally, the selected important factors were used to build multivariable Cox-pH models for OS and also shown in nomograms for clinical usage. Results. The median OS occurred was 25.78 months with 25 (19.53%) deaths. The elastic-net models integrating clinical and DVH factors had the best prediction performances (C-index 0.76 in the train set and C-index 0.74 in the test set). Three important factors were selected, including baseline hemoglobin level as the protective factor, primary tumor volume (GTV_P) volume, and body V5 as the risk factors. The final multivariable Cox-pH models were constructed using these important factors and had prediction performance (C-index: 0.78, 95%CI: 0.73–0.81). Conclusions. This is the first attempt to establish elastic-net models to study the contributions of DVH parameters for predicting OS in patients with cervical cancer. These results can facilitate individualized tailoring of radiation treatment in cervical cancer patients.

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“…The texts of published contributions are not clear about whether these are effective or absolute values, and they are, therefore, only indicative. This fact can be seen in several epidemiological studies[44][45][46][47] without defining the parameters of the MF source and the distance from the source.The charging stands are powered by transformers. The measurements were made on two transformers with different power values and one distribution box.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Fields of Devices during Electric Vehicle Charging: A Slovak Case Study

et al. 2021

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The aim of this contribution is to identify and quantify the magnetic field parameter (MP) devices for charging electric vehicles (EVs). An EV is a mobile device. The EV remains a mobile device even when it is charging in a fixed charging stand. ICNIRP and SBM standards apply to stable devices. A magnetic field (MF) creates local gradient fields that change cyclically over time near the charging stations. The rotating vector MF is a specific parameter. An MF is evaluated by its strength and spatial changes. The triaxial fluxgate magnetometer VEMA-041 was used for the measurements. The MF was observed in the frequency range of 0–250 Hz, and the magnetic induction density was from T 2 × 10−9 T to 2 × 10−5 T, with a sensitivity of 1.7 nT. The MF analysis was performed within the time and frequency range. The rotating vector MF was identified at the measurement points. Measurements were realized for the charge under the following parameters: cables, 600 A; transformer, 250 kVA (22 kV/400 V); a cab-fixed charging stand, and an AC/DC charger in the EV. EV charging was performed with 6.6 kW of power and 43-kW fast charging. The measured results were satisfactory, according to the ICNIRP and SBM 2015 standard. The values measured at a distance of 1 m from the wall of the transformer were BRMS < 2 µT. BRMS values <3 µT were measured in the space of the cable’s entry into the distribution box. EV values should not be assessed under this regulation. However, an EV is a mobile device. In the selected EV sample (a first-generation Nissan Leaf), a frequency of 10 Hz and its multiples were detected during charging. The frequencies were generated in an AC/DC charger in the EV. These frequencies reached BRMS < 0.2 µT in the driver’s footwell. The maximum value of the MF rotating vector was Btota l< 0.3 µT and was directed to the crew area of the EV. The AC/DC charger generated BRMS = 0.95 µTin the driver’s footwell. It is necessary to look for new tools for evaluating MFs for EVs, such as the standards used for stable sources today. These standards should be based on dosimetric principles.

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Cognitive effects of low dose of ionizing radiation – Lessons learned and research gaps from epidemiological and biological studies

Cited by 37 publications

References 135 publications

Risk of Developing Non-Cancerous Central Nervous System Diseases Due to Ionizing Radiation Exposure during Adulthood: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Risk of Developing Non-Cancerous Central Nervous System Diseases Due to Ionizing Radiation Exposure during Adulthood: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Machine Learning of Dose-Volume Histogram Parameters Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Cervical Cancer Treated with Definitive Radiotherapy

Magnetic Fields of Devices during Electric Vehicle Charging: A Slovak Case Study

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