Cognitive Emotion Regulation as a Mediator between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Hypomanic Personality within a Non-Clinical Population

Abstract

The relationship between traumatic events and an increased prevalence of bipolar disorder remains poorly understood. Further research should explore rumination as a potential target for treatment within those suffering from both posttraumatic stress and bipolar disorder.

Emotion regulation strategies in mania risk: A systematic review

“…Particular credence should be given to the strength of the evidence provided by this study, given the triangulation of data from experimental paradigms and behavioral self‐report of the use of these strategies. Mania risk was also positively associated with self‐reported tendencies towards using reappraisal in a further study (medium effect; Steel, ). Two familial risk studies also assessed use of reappraisal, with both finding no difference between participants with bipolar disorder and unaffected relatives (Green et al, ; Kanske et al, ); one study suggested that unaffected relatives report less positive reappraisal than controls (small effect; Kanske et al, ), while the other, found no difference (Green et al, ).…”

“…However, familial risk was associated with this response to negative affect, with two studies suggesting that those with diagnosed bipolar disorder reported more self‐blame than unaffected relatives (medium and large effects; Green et al, ; Kanske et al, ), and unaffected relatives reported more than controls (medium effect; Green et al, ). Blaming others was not related to behavioral (Steel, ) or familial (Green et al, ) measures of risk.…”

“…Catastrophising was not associated with behavioral mania risk; however, this was only assessed in one study (Steel, ). Within familial designs, participants with bipolar disorder reported greater catastrophizing than unaffected relatives, with medium and large effects (as well as healthy controls and large effect; Green et al, ), but unaffected relatives were similar to controls (Green et al, ; Kanske et al, ).…”

“… Note : 1, Carver and Johnson (); 2, Dempsey, Gooding, and Jones (); 3, Feldman et al (); 4, Fisk, Dodd, and Collins (); 5, Fulford, Johnson, and Carver (); 6, Giovanelli, Hoerger, Johnson, and Gruber (); 7, Johnson and Jones (); 8, Knowles, Tai, Christensen, and Bentall (); 9, Raes, Daems, Feldman, Johnsons and Van Gucht (); 10, Steel (); 11, Thomas and Bentall ().…”

“…Within familial designs, participants with bipolar disorder reported greater catastrophizing than unaffected relatives, with medium and large effects (as well as healthy controls and large effect; Green et al, ), but unaffected relatives were similar to controls (Green et al, ; Kanske et al, ). Self‐blame was also not associated with behavioral risk but was again only investigated in one study (Steel, ). However, familial risk was associated with this response to negative affect, with two studies suggesting that those with diagnosed bipolar disorder reported more self‐blame than unaffected relatives (medium and large effects; Green et al, ; Kanske et al, ), and unaffected relatives reported more than controls (medium effect; Green et al, ).…”