Cognitive health benefits of strengthening exercise for community-dwelling older adults

Anderson‐Hanley, Cay; Nimon, Joseph; Westen, Sarah C.

doi:10.1080/13803391003662702

Cited by 53 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…While aerobic exercise is the most acknowledged form of exercise to reap cognitive benefits through cardiovascular and neurotrophic mechanisms inducing changes in brain health and activation, more recently, other types of exercise besides the cardiovascular one have attracted the attention of exercise and cognition researchers [10]. Muscular resistance training of yearly [45] or even monthly duration [50] seems to improve inhibition by enhancing functional plasticity of the cortex associated with inhibition processes [51]. This was observed, for example, with women aged 65 to 75 years by means of high intensity resistance training, even only once a week, of major muscle groups (arms flexions and extensions, seated row, upper limbs pull downs, leg press, legs flexions, and raises on ball of the foot), paralleled by specific strategies to promote participants' engagement [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Falbo

Condello

Capranica

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

121

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Physical and cognitive training seem to counteract age-related decline in physical and mental function. Recently, the possibility of integrating cognitive demands into physical training has attracted attention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of twelve weeks of designed physical-cognitive training on executive cognitive function and gait performance in older adults. Thirty-six healthy, active individuals aged 72.30 ± 5.84 years were assigned to two types of physical training with major focus on physical single task (ST) training (n = 16) and physical-cognitive dual task (DT) training (n = 20), respectively. They were tested before and after the intervention for executive function (inhibition, working memory) through Random Number Generation and for gait (walking with/without negotiating hurdles) under both single and dual task (ST, DT) conditions. Gait performance improved in both groups, while inhibitory performance decreased after exercise training with ST focus but tended to increase after training with physical-cognitive DT focus. Changes in inhibition performance were correlated with changes in DT walking performance with group differences as a function of motor task complexity (with/without hurdling). The study supports the effectiveness of group exercise classes for older individuals to improve gait performance, with physical-cognitive DT training selectively counteracting the age-related decline in a core executive function essential for daily living.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Falbo

Condello

Capranica

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

121

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“…However, studies on the benefits of physical training have focused closely on aerobic exercise such as walking, and strength exercise, such as weight lifting 4,6,7,10–12. These aerobic and strength exercises require the participants to be highly mobile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of coordination exercise in improving cognitive function in older adults: a prospective study

Lam¹,

Wong²,

Chau³

et al. 2011

CIA

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Background:Studies on the effect of a low intensity coordination exercise on the elderly with limited mobility are sparse. This prospective study attempted to compare the effectiveness of a customized coordination exercise and a strength exercise in improving the cognitive functioning and physical mobility on the elderly.Methods:Participants from two centers for the elderly were allocated to practice either an 8-week coordination training (CT) program or an 8-week towel exercise (TE) program. The Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination and Chinese Dementia Rating Scale (CDRS) were used to measure cognitive functioning of participants, and Timed Up-and-Go test for physical mobility. These assessments were administered before and after the program.Results:Paired t-tests showed that the CDRS scores of the CT group improved significantly from 114.8 at pre-test to 119.3 after training (P = 0.045). The CDRS scores of the TE group also improved from 114.9 at pre-test to 116.9 after training.Conclusion:Findings from this prospective study demonstrated that low-intensity level mind-body exercise could be beneficial to the cognitive functioning of older adults.

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“…The primary outcome measure is ST, which we selected because 1) previous studies using exercise training showed that exercise training can improve executive functions [45,46], 2) ST is a task that is often used to measure executive functions [47,48], and 3) ST has been standardized, with high reliability and validity in Japanese populations [39,49]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of short-term combination exercise training on diverse cognitive functions in healthy older people: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Nouchi

Taki

Takeuchi

et al. 2012

Trials

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BackgroundResults of previous studies have shown that exercise training can improve cognitive functions in healthy older people. Some studies have demonstrated that long-term combination exercise training can facilitate memory function improvement better than either aerobic or strength exercise training alone. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether short-term combination exercise training can improve diverse cognitive functions in healthy older people or not. We investigate the effects of four weeks of short-term combination exercise training on various cognitive functions (executive functions, episodic memory, short-term memory, working memory, attention, reading ability, and processing speed) of healthy older people.MethodsA single-blinded intervention with two parallel groups (combination exercise training; waiting list control) is used. Testers are blind to the study hypothesis and the participants’ group membership. Through an advertisement in a local newspaper, 64 healthy older adults are recruited and then assigned randomly to a combination exercise training group or a waiting list control group. Participants in the combination exercise training group must participate in the short-term combination exercise training (aerobic and strength exercise training) three days per week during the four weeks (12 workouts in total). The waiting list group does not participate in the combination exercise training. The primary outcome measure is the Stroop test score: a measure of executive function. Secondary outcome measures are assessments including the Verbal Fluency Task, Logical Memory, First and Second Names, Digit Span Forward, Digit span backward, Japanese Reading Test, Digit Cancellation Task, Digit Symbol Coding, and Symbol Search. We assess these outcome measures before and after the intervention.DiscussionThis report is the first of a study that investigates the beneficial effects of short-term combination exercise training on diverse cognitive functions of older people. Our study is expected to provide sufficient evidence of short-term combination exercise’s effectiveness.Trial registrationThis trial was registered in The University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (Number UMIN000007828).

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Cognitive health benefits of strengthening exercise for community-dwelling older adults

Cited by 53 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Effectiveness of coordination exercise in improving cognitive function in older adults: a prospective study

Beneficial effects of short-term combination exercise training on diverse cognitive functions in healthy older people: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

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