Cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder

Pan, Zihang; Park, Caroline; Brietzke, Elisa; Zuckerman, Hannah; Rong, Carola; Mansur, Rodrigo B.; Fus, Dominika; Subramaniapillai, Mehala; Lee, Yena

doi:10.1017/s1092852918001207

Cited by 188 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Although MDD is thought of as a primarily affective disorder, it is increasingly acknowledged that cognitive dysfunction is common among MDD patients and contributes profoundly to the disease burden 43,44 . While affective dysfunction and cognitive disturbance co-occur during depressive episodes, these symptoms can also be experienced independently of one another.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From stress to depression: development of extracellular matrix-dependent cognitive impairment following social stress

Koskinen

Mourik

Smit

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Stress can predispose to depressive episodes, yet the molecular mechanisms regulating the transition from the initial stress response to a persistent pathological depressive state remain poorly understood. We profiled the development of an enduring depressive-like state by assessing affective behavior and hippocampal function during the 2 months following social-defeat stress. We measured remodeling of hippocampal extracellular matrix (ECM) during this period, as we recently identified ECM changes to mediate cognitive impairment during the sustained depressive-like state. Affective disturbance and cognitive impairments develop disparately after social stress, with gradual appearance of affective deficits. In contrast, spatial memory was impaired both early after stress and during the late-emerging chronic depressive-like state, while intact in-between. Similarly, we observed a biphasic regulation of the hippocampal ECM coinciding with hippocampus-dependent memory deficits. Together our data (1) reveal a dichotomy between affective and cognitive impairments similar to that observed in patients, (2) indicate different molecular processes taking place during early stress and the chronic depressive-like state, and (3) support a role of the ECM in mediating long-lasting effects on memory. From a translational point of view, it is important to prioritize on temporal phenotypic aspects in animal models to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From stress to depression: development of extracellular matrix-dependent cognitive impairment following social stress

Koskinen

Mourik

Smit

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…67 In addition to their involvement with mood symptomatology, cytokines are involved in cognitive functions such as attention, executive function, learning, and memory, which may contribute to the cognitive impairment observed in MDD. 68,69 The proposed mechanism by which cytokines affect the nervous system is complex; in summary, they can evoke an excitotoxic effect by way of interactions between the monoamine, glutamate, and BDNF systems. 70 Given their involvement in neurotransmitter systems and associated symptomatologic presentation, reduction of inflammatory cytokines presents a novel therapeutic pathway.…”

Section: Immune-inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keeping up with the clinical advances: depression

2019

Self Cite

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and heterogeneous disorder. Although there are many treatment options for MDD, patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remain prevalent, wherein delayed time to response results in inferior chances of achieving remission. Recently, therapeutics have been developed that depart from the traditional monoamine hypothesis of depression and focus instead on the glutamatergic, GABAergic, opioidergic, and inflammatory systems. The literature suggests that the foregoing systems are implicated in the pathophysiology of MDD and preclinical trials have informed the development of pharmaceuticals using these systems as therapeutic targets. Pharmaceuticals that target the glutamatergic system include ketamine, esketamine, and rapastinel; brexanolone and SAGE-217 target the GABAergic system; minocycline targets the inflammatory system; and the combinatory agent buprenorphine + samidorphan targets the opioidergic system. The aforementioned agents have shown efficacy in treating MDD in clinical trials. Of particular clinical relevance are those agents targeting the glutamatergic and GABAergic systems as they exhibit rapid response relative to conventional antidepressants. Rapid response pharmaceuticals have the potential to transform the treatment of MDD, demonstrating reduction in depressive symptoms within 24 hours, as opposed to weeks noted with conventional antidepressants. Novel therapeutics have the potential to improve both patient mood symptomatology and economical productivity, reducing the debased human capital costs associated with MDD. Furthermore, a selection of therapeutic targets provides diverse treatment options which may be beneficial to the patient considering the heterogeneity of MDD.

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“… 12 Therefore, increasing studies have focused on the treatment of cognitive impairment, and have shown certain advantages. 13 However, there is still no better way to improve cognitive function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen combined with escitalopram in depression and its effect on cognitive function

Mi¹,

Guo

Xu³

et al. 2021

Pak J Med Sci

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Objective: To investigate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with escitalopram in patients with depression and its effect on cognitive function. Methods: From 2016 to 2018, seventy patients with depression aged 18-65 years treated in Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University were selected. Seventy patients with depression meeting the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group using a random number table, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was treated with escitalopram, while the observation group was additionally treated with HBO on this basis. The patients were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) before treatment and two, four and six weeks after treatment. Results: Two weeks after treatment, HAMD score showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in HAMD score between the two groups four and six weeks after treatment (P > 0.05). Four and six weeks after treatment, MoCA score presented statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Escitalopram combined with HBO in the treatment of depression presents rapid efficacy and a certain effect in improving cognitive function. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3993 How to cite this:Mi K, Guo Q, Xu BY, Wang M, Bi H. Efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen combined with escitalopram in depression and its effect on cognitive function. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3993 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder

Cited by 188 publications

References 78 publications

From stress to depression: development of extracellular matrix-dependent cognitive impairment following social stress

From stress to depression: development of extracellular matrix-dependent cognitive impairment following social stress

Keeping up with the clinical advances: depression

Efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen combined with escitalopram in depression and its effect on cognitive function

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