Cognitive interference in prism adaptation

Components of prism adaptation in terminal and concurrent exposure: Organization of the eye-hand coordination loop

“…The viability of this view is illustrated by recent investigations (Redding et al, 1985;Redding & Wallace, 1985a, 1985b of prism adaptation during locomotion along hallways. This work suggests that locomotion per se is mediated by an eye-foot movement system utilizing 0p-tical flow information that is unaffected by optical dis-placement of the visual field.…”

“…Adaptation to discordance among positional systems (eye-head, eye-hand, and earneck) seems to require that systems be directionally linked in such a way that one system serves as the source of guidance signals for another, with adaptation occurring in the guided system (Redding & Wallace, 1985b, 1987. Moreover, limited central processing capacity (attention) is utilized in establishing and maintaining the directional linkages between discordant systems necessary for adaptation (Redding et al, 1985;Redding & Wallace, 1985a).…”

Perceptual-motor coordination and prism adaptation during locomotion: A control for head posture contributions

“…Conformity with the first prediction is well established in the prism adaptation literature (e.g., Hay & Pick, 1966;Redding, 1978;Templeton, Howard, & Wilkinson, 1974;Wallace, 1977;Welch, 1974;Wilkinson, 1971), and although there are exceptions to additivity (e.g., Welch, Choe, & Heinrich, 1974), such exceptions can be explained without violating the basic assumption of a linear system (Redding & Wallace, 1976, 1978Wallace & Redding, 1979). The second prediction has been validated many times and under a variety of conditions that seem to exclude alternative explanations (see Redding et al, 1985;Redding & Wallace, 1985a). Support for the third prediction comes from the repeated observation that the primary task of walking does not suffer interference from a secondary mental arithmetic task (Redding et al, 1985;Redding & Wallace, 1985a), and from the fact that salient optical flow can support exceedingly high walking speeds without producing any adaptation (Redding & Wallace, 1985b, Experiment 1).…”

“…The second prediction has been validated many times and under a variety of conditions that seem to exclude alternative explanations (see Redding et al, 1985;Redding & Wallace, 1985a). Support for the third prediction comes from the repeated observation that the primary task of walking does not suffer interference from a secondary mental arithmetic task (Redding et al, 1985;Redding & Wallace, 1985a), and from the fact that salient optical flow can support exceedingly high walking speeds without producing any adaptation (Redding & Wallace, 1985b, Experiment 1). Redding and Wallace (1985b, Experiments 2 and 3) provided a test of the fourth prediction by manipulating the availability of auditory stimuli as a source for visuallocational response.…”

“…The organization of the perceptual-motor system as it is used in many everyday situations may be conceptualized as depicted in Figure 1 (Redding, Clark, & Wallace, 1985;Redding & Wallace, 1985a, 1985b; this is the case, for example, when a person walks a familiar path, such as a hallway, while at the same time engaging in other activities, such as looking for a room number, at a speaking companion, or toward an obstacle just bumped into. Locomotion per se is assumed to be automatically 1 guided via movement channels by Gibson-like optical flow patterns (e.g., Fitch, Tuller, & Turvey, 1982;Lee & Thomson, 1982;Longuet-Higgins & Prazdny, 1980) and does not normally require central processing capacity (i.e., attention) unless nonroutine terrain is encountered.…”