Cognitive load, trigger salience, and the facilitation of triggered displaced aggression

Vasquez, Eduardo A.

doi:10.1002/ejsp.566

Cited by 16 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This replicates the finding by Vasquez (2009) that in the absence of inhibitory information, cognitive load produces a slight, but non-significant increase in the displacement of aggression. As predicted, presenting an inhibitory cue (that others would learn about the participants' aggressive reaction) decreased TDA toward the triggering individual, but only when participants were under low cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…As a result, cognitive load can change the perceptions of, and reactions to, social situations and events (Forgas, 1995). Vasquez (2009), for instance, found that cognitive load increases TDA when the trigger was high in salience. Situations in which individuals become motivated to aggress are examples of such contexts.…”

Section: Cognitive Load and Tdamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This provocation induction has successfully induced anger in previous research to (e.g., Vasquez, 2009;Vasquez et al, 2005). Participants were asked to complete a set of 15 anagrams (words whose letters have been scrambled and needed to be rearranged into words again) in 4 min.…”

Section: Provocation Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This measure of aggression has been successfully employed in previous research (e.g., Vasquez, 2009;Vasquez et al, 2005). They were given 30 sec to memorize it.…”

Section: Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Too (mentally) busy to chill: Cognitive load and inhibitory cues interact to moderate triggered displaced aggression

Vasquez

Howard-Field

2016

Aggressive Behavior

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Inhibitory information can be expected to reduce triggered displaced aggression by signaling the potential for negative consequences as a result of acting aggressively. We examined how cognitive load might interfere with these aggression-reducing effects of inhibitory cues. Participants (N = 80) were randomly assigned to a condition in a 2 (cognitive load: high/low) × 2 (inhibiting cues: yes/no) between-subjects design. Following procedures in the TDA paradigm, participants received an initial provocation from the experimenter and a subsequent triggering annoyance from another individual. In the inhibitory cue condition, participants were told, before they had the opportunity to aggress, that others would learn of their aggressive responses. In the high cognitive load condition, participants rehearsed a 10-digit number while aggressing. Those in the low cognitive load condition rehearsed a three digit number. We found significant main effects of cognitive load and inhibitory cue, which were qualified by the expected load × inhibitory cue interaction. Thus, inhibitory cues reduced displaced aggression under low-cognitive load. However, when participants in the inhibitory cue condition were under cognitive load, aggression increased, suggesting that mental busyness interfered with the full use of inhibitory information. Aggr. Behav. 42:598-604, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Cognitive Load and Tdamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Provocation Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This measure of aggression has been successfully employed in previous research (e.g., Vasquez, 2009;Vasquez et al, 2005). They were given 30 sec to memorize it.…”

Section: Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Too (mentally) busy to chill: Cognitive load and inhibitory cues interact to moderate triggered displaced aggression

Vasquez

Howard-Field

2016

Aggressive Behavior

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“…As mentioned before, people who experience conflict are likely to feel distressed and their self-esteem may be threatened (Dijkstra, Van Dierendonck, & Evers, 2005;Frone, 2000;Giebels & Janssen, 2005; see also Vasquez, 2009). Furthermore, conflict induces rigidity of thinking and increases people's cognitive load, which diminishes their capacity to perform (Carnevale & Probst, 1998 We expect similar processes to operate in the case of bystander conflict, thereby negatively influencing the performance of the task at hand.…”

Section: Bystander Conflict and Performancementioning

confidence: 91%

When bystanders become bothersome: The negative consequences of bystander conflict and the moderating role of resilience

Erp

Rispens

Gevers

et al. 2014

European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology

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Bystander conflict is a situation in which employees are hindered in their work by parties not involved in the primary process. Public service employees and emergency care workers, such as ambulance employees and firefighters, often encounter this kind of conflict with potentially far-reaching detrimental effects for public or patient safety. Unfortunately, until now, bystander conflict has hardly received scientific attention. In this paper, we will present the results of an experiment (Study 1) and a simulation study (Study 2). Taken together, the results indicate that bystander conflict is negatively related to the affective, behavioural, and cognitive outcomes of individuals. Higher levels of bystander conflict were associated with more negative and less positive feelings (Studies 1, 2), unfavourable bystander appraisals (Studies 1, 2), and lower levels of performance (Study 2). Additionally, Study 2 revealed that bystander conflict was negatively and indirectly related to positive affect and performance through cognitive capacity. We investigated the moderating role of resilience, in order to provide insight into potential factors alleviating these negative associations. In both studies, resilience alleviated the negative associations of bystander conflict. Overall, the results of the two studies provide a first step towards a theory on bystander conflict.

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Displaced Aggression Is Alive and Well

Pedersen

Ellison

Miller

2017

The Wiley Handbook of Violence and Aggression

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Displaced aggression refers to aggressive retaliation toward a target other than an initial provocateur. Meta‐analytic evidence confirms its reliability and robustness (mean effect size = +0.54) and indicates moderation by intensity of provocation, similarity of displacement target to provocateur, and negativity of the displaced aggression setting. Experimental research strongly supports this latter correlational finding, (1) confirming the importance of minor negative target actions to its elicitation, (2) showing no instances of it in the absence of a trigger, and (3) thereby establishing the construct validity of triggered displaced aggression. In this chapter, we review several additional moderators of displaced aggression as well as the effects of individual differences in the propensity to engage in it (viz., trait displaced aggression). We also emphasize rumination's role in eliciting it. Finally, we discuss the application of triggered displaced aggression to intergroup violence and the experimental evidence supporting the construct validity of vicarious retribution.

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Cognitive load, trigger salience, and the facilitation of triggered displaced aggression

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Too (mentally) busy to chill: Cognitive load and inhibitory cues interact to moderate triggered displaced aggression

Too (mentally) busy to chill: Cognitive load and inhibitory cues interact to moderate triggered displaced aggression

When bystanders become bothersome: The negative consequences of bystander conflict and the moderating role of resilience

Displaced Aggression Is Alive and Well

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