Cognitive-motor dual-task interference in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and prodromal neurodegeneration: A scoping review

Longhurst, Jason; Rider, John V.; Cummings, Jeffrey L.; John, Samantha E.; Poston, Brach; Landers, Merrill R.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.07.277

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Therefore, in the present study, we reevaluated the cognitive performance of elderly subjects and PwPD on a simple serial subtraction task under sitting and standing conditions. We asked whether cognitive performance improves to a similar extent in elderly subjects and PwPD with standing since any positive posture-cognitive interaction might be exploited in future diagnostic approaches (see [22], for a recent review) or rehabilitation programs [23]. We instructed subjects to maintain a quiet rather than still upright posture to reduce conscious control of the upright stance [24], thus releasing cognitive resources for the subtraction task and avoiding an unduly worsening of cognitive performance [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Upright Stance and Vision on a Cognitive Task in Elderly Subjects and Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Mirando,

Penati,

Godi

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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Standing compared to sitting enhances cognitive performance in healthy subjects. The effect of stance on cognitive performance has been addressed here in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). We hypothesized that a simple cognitive task would be less enhanced in PwPD by standing with respect to sitting, because of a larger cognitive effort for maintenance of standing posture than in healthy subjects. We recruited 40 subjects (20 PwPD and 20 age-matched healthy subjects, HE). Each participant performed an arithmetic task (backward counting aloud by 7) in two postural states, sitting and standing, with eyes open (EO) and with eyes closed (EC). All trials lasted 60 s and were randomized across subjects and conditions. The number of correct subtractions per trial was an index of counting efficiency and the ratio of correct subtractions to total subtractions was an index of accuracy. All conditions collapsed, the efficiency of the cognitive task was significantly lower in PwPD than HE, whilst accuracy was affected to a lower extent. Efficiency significantly improved from sitting to standing in HE under both visual conditions whilst only with EO in PwPD. Accuracy was not affected by posture or vision in either group. We suggest that standing, compared to sitting, increases arousal, thus improving the cognitive performance in HE. Conversely, in PwPD this improvement was present only with vision, possibly due to their greater balance impairment with EC consuming an excess of attentional resources. These findings have implications for balance control and the risk of falling in PwPD in the absence of visual cues.

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