Cognitive performance in older males is associated with growth hormone secretion

Quik, Elise H.; Conemans, Elfi B.; Valk, Gerlof D.; Kenemans, J. Leon; Koppeschaar, H. P. F.; Dam, P. Sytze van

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.03.022

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, this study found that changes in the levels of both neurotrophic factors were not significantly correlated with the changes in behavioral and electrophysiological performance in the healthy young male adults when performing the cognitive task. These results do not stand alone, and are somewhat in agreement with prior studies which found that there was no relationship between serum IGF-1/GH concentrations and specific aspects of cognitive-behavioral measurements and electrophysiological performance (e.g., N2b) when middle-aged to elderly adults performed a Go/No-Go task (Papadakis et al, 1995; Aleman et al, 1999; Quik et al, 2012). The possible explanations for the lack of correlation are as follows: (1) the serum levels of GH and IGF-1 were significantly decreased from the T2 to the T3 time points in this study; (2) even though the serum GH and IGF-1 levels increased much more after high-intensity resistance exercise in the HI group compared to the MI one, these changes still did not show a very strong positive correlation with the changes in cognitive performance; and (3) the beneficial effects of acute resistance exercise on behavioral and electrophysiological performance might be explained in terms of heightened arousal, due to exercise-induced changes in reallocation of mental resources and metabolic rate (Audiffren, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Indeed, there is growing evidence for a significant association between the GH/IGF-1 axis and such performance. Previous studies have demonstrated that serum IGF-1 levels (Rollero et al, 1998; Aleman et al, 1999, 2001; Kalmijn et al, 2000; Dik et al, 2003), GH levels (Quik et al, 2012), and the IGF-1/GH ratio (Morley et al, 1997) are associated with behavioral performance (e.g., information processing speed, target detection and response speed, short-term memory, and visual/auditory learning), and acute resistance exercise can significantly increase serum GH and IGF-1 levels (Nicklas et al, 1995; Rubin et al, 2005). We thus hypothesize that the changes in serum levels of GH and IGF-1 following a bout of acute resistance exercise would be positively correlated with the cognitive performance of executive functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Executive function and endocrinological responses to acute resistance exercise

Tsai

Wang

Pan

et al. 2014

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

119

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This study had the following two aims: First, to explore the effects of acute resistance exercise (RE, i.e., using exercise machines to contract and stretch muscles) on behavioral and electrophysiological performance when performing a cognitive task involving executive functioning in young male adults; Second, to investigate the potential biochemical mechanisms of such facilitative effects using two neurotrophic factors [i.e., growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)] and the cortisol levels elicited by such an exercise intervention mode with two different exercise intensities. Sixty young male adults were recruited and randomly assigned to a high-intensity (HI) exercise group, moderate-intensity (MI) exercise group, and non-exercise-intervention (NEI) group. Blood samples were taken, and the behavioral and electrophysiological indices were simultaneously measured when individuals performed a Go/No-Go task combined with the Erikson Flanker paradigm at baseline and after either an acute bout of 30 min of moderate- or high-intensity RE or a control period. The results showed that the acute RE could not only benefit the subjects' behavioral (i.e., RTs and accuracy) performance, as found in previous studies, but also increase the P3 amplitude. Although the serum GH and IGF-1 levels were significantly increased via moderate or high intensity RE in both the MI and HI groups, the increased serum levels of neurotrophic factors were significantly decreased about 20 min after exercise. In addition, such changes were not correlated with the changes in cognitive (i.e., behavioral and electrophysiological) performance. In contrast, the serum levels of cortisol in the HI and MI groups were significantly lower after acute RE, and the changes in cortisol levels were significantly associated with the changes in electrophysiological (i.e., P3 amplitude) performance. The findings suggest the beneficial effects of acute RE on executive functioning could be due to changes in arousal, possibly modulated by the serum cortisol levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Executive function and endocrinological responses to acute resistance exercise

Tsai

Wang

Pan

et al. 2014

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Mental function has been shown to be affected by GH status; GH deficient subjects show impaired cognitive reactivity and GH treatment has been shown to exert cytoprotective actions [40,41], therefore a sustained lower IGF-I lifespan exposure may be associated to a less optimal mental condition during old age. It may be the case that even in our cohort with some potential non-favourable nutritional environment at younger ages, certain differential exposure to circulating IGF-I has happened and has been acting throughout, and this sustained different hormonal action has influenced the achievement of a better or worse nutritional and functional condition during ageing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging phenotype and its relationship with IGF-I gene promoter polymorphisms in elderly people living in Catalonia

Mora

Perales

Serra‐Prat³

et al. 2011

Growth Hormone & IGF Research

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“…This widening of the rWTH related with a decreasing IGF-I level suggests an involvement of IGF-I in hippocampus atrophy [83]. Finally, a most recent study in healthy males (mean age 61.2 years, range reported that measures of selective attention, short-term memory and processing speed were positively associated with GH secretion [88].…”

Section: Gh/igf-i Axis and Cognitive Aging In Healthy Adultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Involvement of the GH/IGF-I Axis in Cognitive Functions of Adult Patients and Healthy Subjects

Deijen

Driel

Drent

2012

TOEJ

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The growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I (GH/IGF-I) axis is an important regulator of brain function which view is based on the evidence that 1) GH and IGF-I can cross the blood brain barrier, 2) GH and IGF-I can bind to sites in various brain structures, including the hippocampus, 3) GH can alter the dopamine turnover in the hippocampus and IGF-I the acetylcholine release, and 4) GH and IGF-I can activate the NMDA receptor in the hippocampus. These mechanisms may underlie the relationship between the GH/IGF-I axis and cognitive functioning. A reduced activity of the GH/IGF-I axis seems associated with cognitive dysfunction in adult patients with GH deficiency (GHD), Prader-Willi syndrome, traumatic brain injury (TBI), dementia and also with age-associated cognitive decline in healthy elderly. Moreover, IGF-I deficiency may be involved in the aetiology of schizophrenia. Treatment with GH appears to have a beneficial effect on cognitive functions in patients with GHD, Prader-Willi and TBI. However, as evidence of GH replacement on cognition in distinct groups is limited and diet, exercise, and specific medicines have known effects on the GH/IGF-I axis, future studies on the relationship between GH-, diet-, exercise-, or medication-induced GH/IGF-I increase and cognition are required.

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Cognitive performance in older males is associated with growth hormone secretion

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Executive function and endocrinological responses to acute resistance exercise

Executive function and endocrinological responses to acute resistance exercise

Aging phenotype and its relationship with IGF-I gene promoter polymorphisms in elderly people living in Catalonia

The Involvement of the GH/IGF-I Axis in Cognitive Functions of Adult Patients and Healthy Subjects

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