Cognitive reserve as an outcome predictor: first‐episode affective versus non‐affective psychosis

Amoretti, Sílvia; Cabrera, Bibiana; Torrent, Carla; Mezquida, Gisela; Lobò, Antonio; González‐Pinto, Ana; Parellada, Mara; Corripio, Iluminada; Vieta, Eduard; Serna, Elena de la; Butjosa, Anna; Contreras, Fernando Hernández; Sarró, Salvador; Penadés, Rafael; Sánchez‐Torres, Ana M.; Cuesta, Manuel J.; Bernardo, Miquel; PEPsGroup,

doi:10.1111/acps.12949

Cited by 76 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Other studies also found that cognitive reserve can predict both the risk of illness as symptoms remit and functional improvement (Barnett et al, 2006;Forcada et al, 2015;Grande et al, 2017). Amoretti et al (2016) have shown that cognitive reserve predicts neuropsychological outcome, negative symptoms, and functioning at 2 years of follow-up, and hence, cognitive reserve can be used as a reliable indicator for the course of FEP patients (Amoretti et al, 2018).…”

Section: Psychologicalmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and psychosocial functioning in patients with first episode psychosis

et al. 2019

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BackgroundSocial cognition has been associated with functional outcome in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP). Social cognition has also been associated with neurocognition and cognitive reserve. Although cognitive reserve, neurocognitive functioning, social cognition, and functional outcome are related, the direction of their associations is not clear. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to analyze the influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and cognitive domains on functioning in FEP both at baseline and at 2 years.MethodsThe sample of the study was composed of 282 FEP patients followed up for 2 years. To analyze whether social cognition mediates the influence of cognitive reserve and cognitive domains on functioning, a path analysis was performed. The statistical significance of any mediation effects was evaluated by bootstrap analysis.ResultsAt baseline, as neither cognitive reserve nor the cognitive domains studied were related to functioning, the conditions for mediation were not satisfied. Nevertheless, at 2 years of follow-up, social cognition acted as a mediator between cognitive reserve and functioning. Likewise, social cognition was a mediator between verbal memory and functional outcome. The results of the bootstrap analysis confirmed these significant mediations (95% bootstrapped CI (−10.215 to −0.337) and (−4.731 to −0.605) respectively).ConclusionsCognitive reserve and neurocognition are related to functioning, and social cognition mediates in this relationship.

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Section: Psychologicalmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and psychosocial functioning in patients with first episode psychosis

et al. 2019

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“…On one hand, cognitive reserve, defined as the ability of a brain to cope with brain pathology in order to minimize symptoms ( 109 ), may be useful in early stages to predict neurocognitive performance in patients with bipolar disorder ( 110 ), as it has been found that lower estimated cognitive reserve is associated with worse performance in neuropsychological tests and more functional impairment ( 110 , 111 ). Similarly, a recent study on first-episode psychosis has found that those patients with affective psychosis with a greater cognitive reserve showed a higher socioeconomic status, better functioning and greater verbal memory performance ( 112 ). This study also emphasizes the need to explore the impact of specific interventions, like physical activities and hobbies, on cognitive reserve, since it could be useful to guide the development of personalized treatment programs ( 112 ).…”

Section: From Staging To Precision Staging Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, a recent study on first-episode psychosis has found that those patients with affective psychosis with a greater cognitive reserve showed a higher socioeconomic status, better functioning and greater verbal memory performance ( 112 ). This study also emphasizes the need to explore the impact of specific interventions, like physical activities and hobbies, on cognitive reserve, since it could be useful to guide the development of personalized treatment programs ( 112 ). Therefore, cognitive enhancing strategies might be key in the early stages and not necessarily in the late stages of the disease.…”

Section: From Staging To Precision Staging Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Precision Psychiatry in Bipolar Disorder: Staging 2.0

et al. 2018

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Personalized treatment is defined as choosing the “right treatment for the right person at the right time.” Although psychiatry has not yet reached this level of precision, we are on the way thanks to recent technological developments that may aid to detect plausible molecular and genetic markers. At the moment there are some models that are contributing to precision psychiatry through the concept of staging. While staging was initially presented as a way to categorize patients according to clinical presentation, course, and illness severity, current staging models integrate multiple levels of information that can help to define each patient's characteristics, severity, and prognosis in a more precise and individualized way. Moreover, staging might serve as the foundation to create a clinical decision-making algorithm on the basis of the patient's stage. In this review we will summarize the evolution of the bipolar disorder staging model in relation to the new discoveries on the neurobiology of bipolar disorder. Furthermore, we will discuss how the latest and future progress in psychiatry might transform current staging models into precision staging models.

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“…The concept of cognitive reserve may provide an explanation for the discrepancy in these results since it reflects the capacity of the brain to endure neuropathology and successfully complete cognitive tasks ( 69 ). Moreover, cognitive reserve has been found as a significant predictor of cognitive and psychosocial functioning in patients with SZ and BD ( 70 – 72 ). Another key issue in CR interventions relates to the relationship between number of sessions and the obtained benefits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Remediation Interventions in Schizoaffective Disorder: A Systematic Review

et al. 2018

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Background: Patients with schizoaffective disorder (SAD) suffer from cognitive impairment, which negatively influences their functionality. Cognitive remediation (CR) interventions have been shown to be effective in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), but evidence in SAD is limited so far. The aim of this study is to systematically review the published data on CR interventions, either in neurocognition or social cognition, in patients with SAD.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive, computerized literature search using terms related to CR interventions in psychotic and affective disorders, and particularly in SAD. Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Knowledge databases were used up to February 28th, 2018 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The search returned 2672 articles of which four were finally selected meeting the inclusion criteria.Results: Cognitive Enhancement Therapy, computerized Cognitive Remediation Therapy and Cognitive Training showed positive results in subsamples of patients with SAD regarding neurocognition and functioning in comparable terms to patients with schizophrenia as well as in a greater extent in quality of life. Benefits in social cognition were also described when Social Cognition Interaction Training was considered in patients with SAD.Conclusions: CR interventions seem to improve neurocognition and social cognition in patients with SAD as well as functioning and quality of life. However, further randomized controlled trials on CR interventions with an optimized design focusing on selected sample of patients with SAD are imperative.

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Cognitive reserve as an outcome predictor: first‐episode affective versus non‐affective psychosis

Cited by 76 publications

References 71 publications

Influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and psychosocial functioning in patients with first episode psychosis

Influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and psychosocial functioning in patients with first episode psychosis

Toward Precision Psychiatry in Bipolar Disorder: Staging 2.0

Cognitive Remediation Interventions in Schizoaffective Disorder: A Systematic Review

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